Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Marijuana Smokers

Mathew, Roy J.; Tant, Stephen R.; Burger, Candice

doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1986.tb00369.x

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Functional neuroimaging studies suggest that resting global, prefrontal and ACC blood flow are lower in cannabis users than in controls (Mathew et al 1986 ;Tunving et al 1986 ;Block et al 2000b ;Lundqvist et al 2001 ;Sevy et al 2008 ;Sneider et al 2008). The localization of resting state differences between users and controls to these regions is broadly consistent with data from neuropsychological studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…The imaging methods used were 133 Xe-SPECT (Mathew et al 1986 ;Tunving et al 1986 ;Lundqvist et al 2001 Sneider et al 2008). In a group of nine chronic cannabis users, assessed within 1 week of drug cessation, Tunving et al (1986) found a reduction in global CBF relative to controls that did not correlate with the duration of cannabis consumption.…”

Section: Non-acute Effects On Resting State Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Block et al (2000 b) report reduced bilateral cerebellar and ventral prefrontal activity but also greater right anterior cingulate rCBF in 17 young chronic marihuana users after 26 h of abstinence. Mathew et al (1986) assessed 17 chronic cannabis users after 12 h of abstinence and found no differences in either global or rCBF between cannabis users and controls. Sneider et al (2008) examined changes in regional blood volume (rCBV) in a group of 17 healthy controls and 15 cannabis users.…”

Section: Non-acute Effects On Resting State Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neuroimaging in cannabis use: a systematic review of the literature

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. We conducted a systematic review to assess the evidence for specific effects of cannabis on brain structure and function. The review focuses on the cognitive changes associated with acute and chronic use of the drug.Method. We reviewed literature reporting neuroimaging studies of chronic or acute cannabis use published up until January 2009. The search was conducted using Medline, EMBASE, LILACS and PsycLIT indexing services using the following key words : cannabis, marijuana, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, THC, cannabidiol, CBD, neuroimaging, brain imaging, computerized tomography, CT, magnetic resonance, MRI, single photon emission tomography, SPECT, functional magnetic resonance, fMRI, positron emission tomography, PET, diffusion tensor MRI, DTI-MRI, MRS and spectroscopy.Results. Sixty-six studies were identified, of which 41 met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-three were functional (SPECT/PET/fMRI) and eight structural (volumetric/DTI) imaging studies. The high degree of heterogeneity across studies precluded a meta-analysis. The functional studies suggest that resting global and prefrontal blood flow are lower in cannabis users than in controls. The results from the activation studies using a cognitive task are inconsistent because of the heterogeneity of the methods used. Studies of acute administration of THC or marijuana report increased resting activity and activation of the frontal and anterior cingulate cortex during cognitive tasks. Only three of the structural imaging studies found differences between users and controls.Conclusions. Functional neuroimaging studies suggest a modulation of global and prefrontal metabolism both during the resting state and after the administration of THC/marijuana cigarettes. Minimal evidence of major effects of cannabis on brain structure has been reported.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Non-acute Effects On Resting State Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Non-acute Effects On Resting State Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neuroimaging in cannabis use: a systematic review of the literature

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, such theories do not explain the apparent proclivity for partial posterior circulation strokes in young patients. Mathew and Wilson 21,22 have studied regional cerebral blood flow patterns in the setting of numerous drugs of abuse, including marijuana. They used a 133 Xe inhalation technique in which clearance of the isotope was measured for 10 minutes by detectors mounted in a helmet worn by the subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar Infarction in Adolescent Males Associated With Acute Marijuana Use

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT.Objective. To demonstrate the clinical characteristics, radiologic findings, and neuropathological features of tetrahydrocannabinol-related posterior fossa ischemic stroke in adolescent patients.Design. A retrospective case and chart review of 3 cases encountered at a tertiary care institution over a span of 5 years.Setting. Inpatient and intensive care hospitalization units managing children and adolescents.Subjects. Male adolescent patients with ischemic cerebellar stroke after use of marijuana.Diagnostic Investigations. Computed tomography brain scans (3 subjects), magnetic resonance imaging brain study (1 subject), cerebral arteriography (1 subject), cerebellar biopsy (1 subject), and necropsy (2 subjects).Results. Three adolescent males had similar presentations of headache, fluctuating level of consciousness or lethargy, visual disturbance, and variable ataxia after self-administration of marijuana. They developed primary cerebellar infarctions within days after the exposure that could not be attributed to supratentorial herniation syndromes and only minimally involved brainstem structures.Conclusions. Episodic marijuana use may represent a risk factor for stroke in childhood, particularly in the posterior circulation. Early recognition of the cerebellar stroke syndrome may allow prompt neurosurgical intervention, reducing morbidity. Pediatrics 2004;113:e365-e370. URL: http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/113/4/e365; ischemic stroke, cerebral blood flow, marijuana, adolescent drug use.

show abstract

“…Initial measures (days 0 and 7) revealed the former to have increased cerebral blood volume in the right frontal region, bilateral temporal regions, and the cerebellum, a finding that was only applicable to the left temporal region and cerebellum by day 28. The remaining 5 imaging studies that compared cannabis users and nonusers comprise 3 with SPECT and 2 with PET and showed a mixed picture of regional or global cerebral blood flow: no differences, 25 reduced, [26][27][28] or both reduced and increased depending on anatomical location 29 in the cannabis users.…”

Section: E14mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cannabis on cognition in patients with MS

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To determine functional and structural neuroimaging correlates of cognitive dysfunction associated with cannabis use in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods:In a cross-sectional study, 20 subjects with MS who smoked cannabis and 19 noncannabis users with MS, matched on demographic and neurologic variables, underwent fMRI while completing a test of working memory, the N-Back. Resting-state fMRI and structural MRI data (lesion and normal-appearing brain tissue volumes, diffusion tensor imaging metrics) were also collected. Neuropsychological data pertaining to verbal (Selective Reminding Test Revised) and visual (10/36 Spatial Recall Test) memory, information processing speed (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test [2-and 3-second versions] and Symbol Digit Modalities Test), and attention (Word List Generation) were obtained. Results:The cannabis group performed more poorly on the more demanding of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test tasks (i.e., 2-second version) (p , 0.02) and the 10/36 Spatial Recall Test (p , 0.03). Cannabis users had more diffuse cerebral activation across all N-Back trials and made more errors on the 2-Back task (p , 0.006), during which they displayed increased activation relative to nonusers in parietal (p , 0.007) and anterior cingulate (p , 0.001) regions implicated in working memory. No group differences in resting-state networks or structural MRI variables were found. Conclusions:Patients with MS who smoke cannabis are more cognitively impaired than nonusers.Cannabis further compromises cerebral compensatory mechanisms, already faulty in MS. These imaging data boost the construct validity of the neuropsychological findings and act as a cautionary note to cannabis users and prescribers. Cognitive dysfunction affects 40% to 60% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).1 Data suggest that patients with MS who smoke cannabis have more extensive cognitive difficulties than those who do not. In particular, problems with working memory, 2 information processing speed, and executive dysfunction 3 appear to be exacerbated by the use of cannabis. Given that cognitive deficits in patients with MS are known to adversely affect the ability to sustain employment, maintain relationships, continue recreational pursuits, and attend to activities of daily living, 4 a better understanding of how smoking cannabis may impair brain function in MS is needed.To date, there have been no imaging-cognition studies of patients with MS who smoke cannabis. This contrasts with an extensive MRI literature of patients with MS in general in which cognitive deficits have been linked to numerous structural and functional brain metrics.

show abstract

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Marijuana Smokers

Abstract: SummaryRegional cerebral blood flow measurements were performed with the 133Xenon inhalation technique in 17 chronic marijuana smokers and 16 age‐and sex‐matched controls. There were no significant differences between the groups.

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

Neuroimaging in cannabis use: a systematic review of the literature

Neuroimaging in cannabis use: a systematic review of the literature

Cerebellar Infarction in Adolescent Males Associated With Acute Marijuana Use

Effects of cannabis on cognition in patients with MS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About