Regional difference of glutamate-induced swelling in cultured rat brain astrocytes

Electric Pulse Stimulation Induces NMDA Glutamate Receptor mRNA in NIH3T3 Mouse Fibroblasts

“…Interestingly, the activation of NMDA receptors causes depolarizaion, which in turn causes swelling in neurons (Isokawa 2005). Glutamate, at similar concentrations required to induce neuronal cell death, has also been shown to increase cell volume in cultured astrocytes (Han et al 2004). As NMDA-antagonists significantly decrease seizure-related astrocyte swelling in the cerebral cortex (Szakacs et al 2003), it is likely that cellular swelling represents the activity of NMDA glutamate receptors.…”

Brain-Region-Specific Astroglial Responses In Vitro After LPS Exposure

“…This applies to PD and Alzheimer's disease (AD) as highlighted by Das and Potter (1995) and McGeer and McGeer (Das and Potter 1995;McGeer and McGeer 2008). In addition, the striking selective neuronal vulnerability from cerebral neocortical and hippocampal neurons as a consequence of transient global ischemia may be the result of regional glial properties and presumably be explained by differences in local glutamate metabolism, water transport capacities, and therefore glutamate-induced swelling (Bernaudin et al 1998;Han et al 2004;Karakaya et al 2007). Thus, the cross-talk between neural cells including neurons and the different glial cell types may converge in a vicious cycle of autocrine and paracrine interactions, which cause the amplification of inflammation, perpetuation of tissue damage, and finally neuronal cell loss (Takuma et al 2004;Mosley et al 2006).…”

Acute Cytotoxic Effects of Mercuric Compounds in Cultured Astrocytes Prepared from Cerebral Hemisphere and Cerebellum of Newborn Rats

“…This assumption might be supported by the facts that there are brain region-dependent differences in glutamate uptake and regulations of its transporters in cultured astrocytes. [16][17][18] However, few reports demonstrate the differences in the cytotoxic effects induced by mercuric compounds between the astrocytes from different brain regions.…”