Regional disparities in adult height, educational attainment, and late-life cognition: Findings from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI)

Lee, Jinkook; Smith, James P.

doi:10.1016/j.jeoa.2014.02.002

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported rural-urban differences in cognitive function among older adults in India [5, 6]. However, there is no single study that examined the association between rural-to-rural migration and cognitive function in India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study sample, the rural-to-rural migrants are more likely to be women and have low SES. Women and low SES have been shown to be associated with worse cognitive function [5, 6, 32]. Additionally, migration and cognition may be linked through psychosocial factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also included several state-level covariates to account for potential differences across geographic areas in India [5, 32] – including age composition, sex ratio, urbanicity, and literacy rate. Online supplementary Table 1 (for all online suppl.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large-scale studies of cognitive function in India are scarce and only a handful of studies have been based on national samples. For example, recent research from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India has shown significant sex and geographic differences in late-life cognitive function among Indian older adults [5, 6]. However, the differences in cognition were not fully explained by sex and geographic location.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Place of Residence and Cognitive Function among the Adult Population in India

Østbye

Vorderstrasse

et al. 2018

Neuroepidemiology

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Background: The place of residence has been linked to cognitive function among adults in developed countries. This study examined how urban and rural residence was associated with cognitive function among adults in India. Methods: The World Health Organization Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health data was used to examine cognition among 6,244 community-residing adults age 50+ in 6 states in India. Residential status was categorized as urban, rural, urban-to-urban, rural-to-urban, rural-to-rural, and urban-to-rural. Cognition was assessed by immediate and delayed recall tests, digit span test, and verbal fluency test. Multilevel models were used to account for state-level differences and adjusted for individual-level sociodemographic, psychosocial, and health-related factors. Results: Urban residents and urban-to-urban migrants had the highest levels of cognition, whereas rural residents and those who migrated to (or within) rural areas had the lowest cognition. The differences largely persisted after adjustment for multiple covariates; however, rural-to-urban migrants had no difference in cognition from urban residents once socioeconomic factors were taken into account. Conclusion: Cognition among adults in India differed significantly according to their current and past place of residence. Socioeconomic factors played an important role in the cognitive function of adults in urban areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Place of Residence and Cognitive Function among the Adult Population in India

Østbye

Vorderstrasse

et al. 2018

Neuroepidemiology

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“…which vary greatly in their economic development, cultures, education levels, and policies (Deaton and Dreze, 2002;Deaton and Kozel, 2005;Ravallion and Datt, 2002;Lee and Smith, 2014). These differences may lead to cross-state variation in risks for these health outcomes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Education, Gender, and State-Level Gradients in the Health of Older Indians: Evidence from Biomarker Data

et al. 2014

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This paper examines health disparities in biomarkers among a representative sample of Indians aged 45 and older, using data from the pilot round of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI). Hemoglobin level, a marker for anemia, is lower for respondents with no schooling (0.7 g/dL less in the adjusted model) compared to those with some formal education. There are also substantial state and education gradients in underweight and overweight. The oldest old have higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) (1.1 mg/L greater than those aged 45-54), an indicator of inflammation and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, as do those with greater body-mass index (an additional 1.2 mg/L for those who are obese compared to those who are of normal weight). We find no evidence of educational or gender differences in CRP, but respondents living in rural areas have CRP levels that are 0.8 mg/L lower than urban areas. We also find state-level disparities, with Kerala residents exhibiting the lowest CRP levels (1.96 mg/L compared to 3.28 mg/L in Rajasthan, the state with the highest CRP). We use the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition approach to explain group-level differences, and find that state-level gradients in CRP are mainly due to heterogeneity in the association of the observed characteristics of respondents with CRP, as opposed to differences in the distribution of endowments across the sampled state populations.JEL Classification: I12, I14, D30, O15

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Associations of loneliness with poor physical health, poor mental health and health risk behaviours among a nationally representative community‐dwelling sample of middle‐aged and older adults in India

Pengpid

Peltzer

2021

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Objectives Loneliness may negatively impact on health outcomes. The study aimed to estimate the associations between loneliness and poor physical health, poor mental health, and health risk behaviours in middle‐aged and older adults in a national population survey in India. Methods The sample included 72,262 middle‐aged and older adults from a cross‐sectional national community‐dwelling survey in India in 2017–2018. Results Results indicate that the prevalence of moderate loneliness was 20.5%, and severe loneliness was 13.3%. In the adjusted logistic regression analysis, moderate and/or severe loneliness was significantly positively associated with fair or poor self‐rated health status, and significantly negatively associated with life satisfaction and cognitive functioning. Furthermore, loneliness was associated with stroke, angina, physical injury, difficulty of Activities of Daily Living, difficulties of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and multi‐morbidity. Loneliness increased the odds of major depressive disorder and insomnia symptoms. The associations between loneliness and current tobacco use and body mass index were negative and between loneliness and physical inactivity and underweight were positive. Conclusions Loneliness is associated with poor physical health, poor mental health and health risk behaviour (physical inactivity), emphasising the need to consider loneliness in various physical and mental health contexts.

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Regional disparities in adult height, educational attainment, and late-life cognition: Findings from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI)

Cited by 38 publications

References 32 publications

Place of Residence and Cognitive Function among the Adult Population in India

Place of Residence and Cognitive Function among the Adult Population in India

Education, Gender, and State-Level Gradients in the Health of Older Indians: Evidence from Biomarker Data

Associations of loneliness with poor physical health, poor mental health and health risk behaviours among a nationally representative community‐dwelling sample of middle‐aged and older adults in India

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