Regional distribution of mast cells containing histamine, dopamine, or 5‐hydroxytryptamine in the mammalian brain

Edvinsson, Lars; Cervós-Navarro, J.; Li, Larsson; Owman, Ch.; Rönnberg, A.L.

doi:10.1212/wnl.27.9.878

Cited by 193 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…The brain of man has been reported to possess mast cells in the area postrema [Cammermeyer, 1947: Cammermeyer andAdams, 1948], in the choroid plexuses [McGovern, 1956], in the leptomeninges [Cried, 1963;Olsson, 1968: Edvinsson et a!., 1977, in the infundibulum [Gray, 1935] and in the pineal organ [Machado et a!., 1965]. They were also found at these same sites in the present study (tables 1-1V).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Mast cells in the human brain

Dropp¹

1979

Cells Tissues Organs

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Mast cells, as adjudged by the metachromatic staining of their cytoplasmic granules, were found in 79% of the 97 human brains studied. They were most numerous and most consistently present in the infundibulum, pineal organ, area postrema and choroid plexuses. They were also numerous in the leptomeninges surrounding the pineal organ and infundibulum. Occasional mast cells were also seen within the supraoptic crest, the subfornical organ, the ventricles and the leptomeninges at sites other than over the infundibulum and pineal organ. They were not detectable elsewhere in the brain or spinal cord. In the infundibulum, pineal organ, area postrema and telencephalic choroid plexuses mast cells were most numerous in young individuals (i.e., 0–19 years of age); thereafter, their numbers progressively decreased with aging. Elsewhere mast cell numbers remained about the same with aging. Except in the area postrema where mast cells were more numerous and more consistently present in males, sex-related differences in mast cell number or distribution were not detected. No differences in either the abundance, the distribution or the percentage of individuals possessing mast cells at any of these sites were apparent between ‘normative’ brains, lesioned brains (‘stroke¹, lobotomy, etc.) or those from individuals with either congenital or acquired encephalopathies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Mast cells in the human brain

Dropp¹

1979

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…First, in contrast to peripheral vessels, where mast cells are commonly found in the adventitia, in cerebral vessels they are mainly restricted to the microvasculature of the dura and meninges. 38,39 Similarly, in this study we could not detect any mast cells surrounding the basilar artery in the rat (J.D. Moffatt, PhD, unpublished data, 1998).…”

Section: Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles Of Vascular Parsmentioning

confidence: 47%

Evidence for Selective Effects of Chronic Hypertension on Cerebral Artery Vasodilatation to Protease-Activated Receptor-2 Activation

Sobey

Moffatt

Cocks

1999

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) can be activated after proteolysis of the amino terminal of the receptor by trypsin or by synthetic peptides with a sequence corresponding to the endogenous tethered ligand exposed by trypsin (eg, SLIGRL-NH 2 ). PAR-2 mediates nitric oxide (NO)-dependent dilatation in cerebral arteries, but it is unknown whether PAR-2 function is altered in cardiovascular diseases. Since hypertension selectively impairs NO-mediated cerebral vasodilatation in response to acetylcholine and bradykinin, we sought to determine whether PAR-2-mediated vasodilatation is similarly adversely affected by this disease state. Methods-We studied basilar artery responses in Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) (normotensive) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) in vivo (cranial window preparation) and in vitro (isolated arterial rings). The vasodilator effects of acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside, and activators of PAR-2 and protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) were compared in WKY versus SHR. Immunohistochemical localization of PAR-2 was also assessed in the basilar artery. Results-Increases in basilar artery diameter in response to acetylcholine were 65% to 85% smaller in SHR versus WKY, whereas responses to sodium nitroprusside were not different. In contrast to acetylcholine, vasodilatation in vivo to SLIGRL-NH 2 was largely preserved in SHR, and SLIGRL-NH 2 was Ϸ3-fold more potent in causing vasorelaxation in SHR versus WKY in vitro. In both strains, responses to SLIGRL-NH 2 were abolished by N

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“…The dura mater and the pia-arachnoid are supplied by a rich sympathetic innervation originating from the superior cervical ganglion (3,10) and are also rich in mast cells (10), a possible innervation of which was suggested by electron microscopic studies (4,5). In the present study we analyzed whether the surgical removal or the electrical stimulation of superior cervical ganglion had any effect on meningeal mast cells.…”

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confidence: 99%