Regional diversity in social perceptions of (ing)

Schleef, Erik; Flynn, Nicholas; Barras, William

doi:10.1017/s0954394517000047

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…On each scale, the guise saturated with the alveolar variant (All-in) was rated as significantly less articulate, rich, posh, and educated, and significantly more working-class than the guise saturated with the velar variant, that is, the All-ing guise. This replicates the finding of Schleef et al (2017) that, in a London accent, variable (ING) can influence how speakers are socially evaluated on social class-and education-related scales. Unlike Schleef et al, variable (ING) had no effect on the scales hard-working or casual.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Hypothesis 1 follows from the results found in Schleef et al (2017) for British English. If the alveolar [ɪn] variant is socioindexically associated with traits linked to for example, lower social status, then recordings that are saturated with that variant (All-in) should be rated higher for those traits and lower for traits with the inverse association.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Swear(ING) ain't play(ING): The interaction of taboo language and the sociolinguistic variable

Hunt

Cotter

Pearson

et al. 2022

Journal of Sociolinguistics

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Swearwords influence social evaluation of a speaker in a variety of ways depending on social context (Jay & Janschewitz (2008), The pragmatics of swearing. Journal of Politeness Research. Language, Behaviour, Culture, 4(2), 267-288). Little attention has been paid to the role of linguistic variation in social perceptions of swearing, however. This paper presents two experiments that test the role of sociolinguistic variation in the social evaluation of swearing. Experiment 1 is a variant categorization task, in which participants categorized acoustically ambiguous swearwords and phonetically matching neutral and nonwords as ending in either "-ing" or "-in." Results suggest that swearwords led participants to hear "-ing" on ambiguous items. Experiment 2 is a matched-guise task in which listeners heard a passage featuring a mix of swearwords and neutral "-ing" words in one of four conditions: fully velar (All-ing), fully alveolar (All-in), only swearwords as velar (Swear-ing), or only neutral words as velar (Swear-in).Participants rated speakers on Likert scales (Schleef et al. (2017), Regional diversity in social perceptions of (ING).Language Variation and Change, 29(1), 29-56). Participants again displayed a tendency towards hearing "-ing" on swearwords. As a result, responses to the Swear-in guises were similar to those for the All-ing guises. The This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Swear(ING) ain't play(ING): The interaction of taboo language and the sociolinguistic variable

Hunt

Cotter

Pearson

et al. 2022

Journal of Sociolinguistics

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“…In the same study, sex and class-specific evaluations of (ing) are documented for the posh and casual scales respectively, while Schleef, Flynn, and Barras (2017) focus on a narrower age band of 15- to 29-year-olds, replicating group-specific evaluations for these two scales. Here, both posh and casual differ by class: only middle-class respondents consider [ɪn] to be more casual ( p = .027) and less posh ( p = .010) than [ɪŋ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Social Meanings across Listener Groups

Schleef

2017

Journal of English Linguistics

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This study compares the group-specific evaluations of (t) in Greater Manchester, England, with those of (ing) published in a previous study. The comparison is based on a set of perception surveys, in which study participants listened to manipulated audio stimuli and rated them on a series of scales. In contrast to findings for (ing), the social characteristics of listeners are not pertinent to the evaluation of (t): most social meanings associated with (t) are shared across the Greater Manchester population. It is argued that this is due to the pronounced attitude strength of T-glottalling in this particular region.

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“…This prosodic emphasis in the form of primary accent can also be found in the format tie (line 40/ 41 "tickin' /ticking). Thus the velar serves to construe Amelia as a competent teacher (on the association between formality or professionalism and the velar variant see production and perception work on ing, for example Eckert 2018, p. 157 with reference to Campbell-Kibler 2007Schleef, Flynn and Ramsammy 2015;Barras 2017, andBailey 2019). In the light of the prosodic prominence of some of the velar ing tokens it could be additionally said that the velar draws attention to Amelia's utterances.…”

Section: Alveolar-velar Format Tiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation and change in the sociophonetic variable ing in format ties

Eiswirth

Bergmann

2022

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Format ties, “partial repetitions of prior talk” (Goodwin & Goodwin 1987, p. 207), are interesting from an interactional perspective with respect to their functions relating to, for example, (dis-) agreement/alignment or humour, and for scholars of Language Variation and Change because they offer uniquely comparable phonological contexts in naturalistic speech. The present paper investigates the distribution of the sociolinguistic variable ing in format ties in a set of dyadic interviews of six speakers from the North-East of England who were recorded two or three times throughout their twenties – those career-building years during which we often see a change from the predominant use of the alveolar variant (“in’”) to the velar (“ing”). The analysis offers possible interactional and stylistic explanations for the community-level stability and the speaker-level variation and change of ing by focusing on contexts in which speakers format tie. It shows that the use of the highly frequent and thus less marked alveolar variant tends to occur in aligning contexts, while the few velar cases occur in moments where speakers disalign on some level. This argument contributes to work combining interactional and variationist endeavours, in particular with respect to the variable ing.

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Regional diversity in social perceptions of (ing)

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Swear(ING) ain't play(ING): The interaction of taboo language and the sociolinguistic variable

Swear(ING) ain't play(ING): The interaction of taboo language and the sociolinguistic variable

Social Meanings across Listener Groups

Variation and change in the sociophonetic variable ing in format ties

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