Regional gray matter changes in obsessive–compulsive disorder: Relationship to clinical characteristics

Exner, Cornelia; Zetsche, Ulrike; Martin, Vera; Rief, Winfried; Jansen, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.10.007

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…12,16 Using a relatively large sample of unmedicated or drug-naïve patients, our results demonstrate that visuospatial impairments (especially construction and encoding) and executive dysfunction are important features of early-and late-onset OCD, respectively. Consistent with our hypothesis and previous findings, 18,19 we demonstrated that people with early-onset OCD had larger grey matter volumes in the frontal and temporal cortices than people with late-onset OCD. These regions are involved in the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit, a major pathophysiological model of OCD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Structural alterations that appeared to be irrelevant for clinical symptoms could be a result of neuroplastic changes made to suppress unwanted intrusive thoughts in people with early-onset OCD. 19 These findings supported our hypothesis that there are different neural bases underlying the clinical symptoms in the 2 patient groups, and they suggest that the MTG is a key region related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms in people with late-onset OCD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…9 In particular, people with early-onset OCD have larger volumes in their medial frontal and temporoparietal cortices. 18,19 Exner and colleagues 19 suggested that the structural alterations in people with early-onset OCD are a result of neuroplastic changes that occur with the constant struggle to suppress unwanted intrusive thoughts over a longer duration. In contrast, a mega-analysis reported no difference in cortical thickness between people with early-and late-onset OCD, but this finding was in patients who were medicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neural bases of the clinical and neurocognitive differences between earlyand late-onset obsessive–compulsive disorder

Kim

Kwak

Hur

et al. 2020

JPN

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neural bases of the clinical and neurocognitive differences between earlyand late-onset obsessive–compulsive disorder

Kim

Kwak

Hur

et al. 2020

JPN

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Neuroanatomy and Neuroimaging

Nees

Flor

2014

The Wiley Handbook of Anxiety Disorders

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Comparative Multimodal Meta-analysis of Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Carlisi

Norman

Lukito

et al. 2017

Biological Psychiatry

154

155

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Objective: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share inhibitory control deficits possibly underlying poor control over stereotyped/repetitive and compulsive behaviours, respectively. However, it is unclear whether these symptom profiles are mediated by common or distinct neural profiles. This comparative multimodal meta-analysis assessed shared and disorder-specific neuroanatomy and neurofunction of inhibitory functions. Methods:A comparative meta-analysis of 62 voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and 26 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of inhibitory control was conducted comparing grey matter volume (GMV) and activation abnormalities between ASD (sMRI:911;fMRI:188) and OCD (sMRI:928;fMRI:247) patients versus controls. Multimodal meta-analysis compared groups across VBM and fMRI.Results: Both disorders shared reduced function and structure in rostral/dorsomedial prefrontal cortex including anterior cingulate. OCD had disorder-specific increase in structure and function of left basal ganglia (BG)/insula relative to controls and ASD, who had reduced right BG/insula volumes versus OCD. In fMRI, ASD patients showed disorder-specific reduced left dorsolateral-prefrontal activation and reduced posterior cingulate deactivation, while OCD patients showed temporoparietal underactivation. Conclusions:The multimodal comparative meta-analysis shows shared and disorder-specific abnormalities. While rostro-dorsomedial prefrontal cortex was smaller in structure and function in both disorders, this was concomitant with increased structure and function in BG/insula in OCD, but a reduction in ASD, presumably reflecting a disorder-specific fronto-striato-insular dysregulation in OCD in the form of poor frontal control over overactive BG, and a fronto-striato-insular maldevelopment in ASD with reduced structure and function in this network. Disorder-differential mechanisms appear to drive overlapping phenotypes of inhibitory control abnormalities in ASD and OCD. Carlisi et al.3

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Regional gray matter changes in obsessive–compulsive disorder: Relationship to clinical characteristics

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Neural bases of the clinical and neurocognitive differences between earlyand late-onset obsessive–compulsive disorder

Neural bases of the clinical and neurocognitive differences between earlyand late-onset obsessive–compulsive disorder

Neuroanatomy and Neuroimaging

Comparative Multimodal Meta-analysis of Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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