Regional Groundwater Quality Management through Hydrogeological Modeling in LCC, West Faisalabad, Pakistan

Abstract

The intensive abstraction of groundwater is causing a number of problems such as groundwater depletion and quality deterioration. To manage such problems, the data of 256 piezometers regarding groundwater levels and quality were acquired for the period of 2003 to 2012 in command area of Lower Chenab Canal (LCC), West Faisalabad, Pakistan. MODFLOW and MT3D models were calibrated for the period of 2003-2007 and validated for years 2008-2012 with respect to observed groundwater levels and quality data, respectively. After the successful calibration and validation, two pumping scenarios were developed up to year 2030: Scenario I (increase in pumping rate according to the historical trend) and Scenario II (adjusted canal water supplies and groundwater patterns). The predicted results of Scenario I revealed that, up to year 2030, the area under good quality groundwater reduced significantly from 50.35 to 28.95%, while marginal and hazardous groundwater quality area increased from 49.65 to 71.06%. Under Scenario II, the good quality groundwater area increased to 6.32% and 12.48% area possesses less hazardous quality of groundwater. It was concluded that the canal water supply should shift from good quality aquifer zone to poor quality aquifer zone for proficient management of groundwater at the study area.

Hydrogeochemical Features and Genesis of Confined Groundwater and Health Perspectives for Sustainable Development in Urban Hengshui, North China Plain

“…Generally, the natural groundwater chemistry is determined by the hydrochemical components of recharge water, lithology of aquifers along the groundwater flow path, residence time, groundwater hydrodynamic, and evaporation [17][18][19][20][21]. ese factors are fundamental for the natural formation and evolution of groundwater chemical components [22][23][24][25], while anthropogenic factors from all aspects of human society including domestic, agricultural, and industrial activities can dramatically modify the composition of groundwater chemistry through direct pollutants input or indirect change of the hydrogeochemical conditions of natural mechanisms [26][27][28][29][30][31]. e driving forces from the human community to the evolution of groundwater chemistry have more significant influences on the phreatic aquifers rather than the confined aquifers due to the protection of aquitards.…”

Appraisal of Water Quality Measurements for Canal and Tube Well Water Systems for Agriculture Irrigation in Rechna Doab, Pakistan

“…Though, aquifer sediments are porous with high permeability of water in the study area, aquifer comprised of 65 to 75 percent sand beds and remaining consisted of silt and clay. Recharge of aquifers occurs usually from rivers, rainfall, canals, and irrigation water sources while, discharge includes usage of tube well water for irrigation purposes either it creates salinity issues (Hassan et al, 2013;Parvaiz et al, 2020;Shakoor et al, 2017).…”

“…Currently, groundwater usage has been increased. Moreover, Punjab and Sindh provinces (27% and 73% area wise) have unfit irrigation status (Muhammad Arshad and Shakoor, 2017). In the light of above-mentioned canal and tube well water systems research work was planned to evaluate the quality of the irrigation water for agriculture sector.…”

An Integrated Hydrological Model for the Restoration of Ecosystems in Arid Regions: Application in Zhangye Basin of the Middle Heihe River Basin, Northwest China

“…In addition, scenario design and analysis with the simulation model is one of the most important references in developing the management strategies. Various kinds of scenarios have been proposed for investigating the responses to management strategies, including agricultural water‐saving scenarios, groundwater exploitation scenarios, land use change scenarios, and surface water diversion scenarios (Hu et al, ; Li, Mao, et al, ; Rossi et al, ; Scanlon et al, ; Shakoor et al, ). Recently, the climate change scenarios are more and more commonly applied in the models in combination with the above‐mentioned scenarios (Li, Ye, et al, ).…”