Regional hydrogeology of the Navajo and Hopi Indian Reservations, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah, with a section on vegetation

Cooley, Maurice E.; Harshbarger, J. W.; Akers, J.P.; Hardt, W.F.; Hicks, O.N.

doi:10.3133/ofr6441

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Up to 65% of the yearly precipitation occurs during the late summer months (July and August) and can result in flash flooding. All runoff goes to the Colorado River, either directly or via one of the tributaries (the San Juan and the Little Colorado Rivers) (Cooley et al 1969).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Recharge of the aquifers occurs in upland areas, which divides the land into five separate hydrologic basins: Black Mesa, San Juan, Blanding, Henry, and Kaiparowits. Water that is recharged in the upland areas moves downward towards the major rivers and tributaries (Cooley et al 1969).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The main sources of groundwater for the NN come from the Navajo (N) aquifer, the Coconino (C) aquifer, and shallow alluvium aquifers (Cooley et al 1969). The N aquifer is an important groundwater source in areas north of the Little Colorado River and water quality is considered relatively good except in areas where past U mining and milling occurred (ADWR 2009).…”

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Dissolved Uranium and Arsenic in Unregulated Groundwater Sources – Western Navajo Nation

Jones

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Parnell

et al. 2020

Contemporary Water Research

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Concentrations of dissolved uranium (U) and arsenic (As) above drinking water standards in unregulated water sources pose various human health risks. Although high natural background concentrations may occur in some environments (Runnells et al. 1992), anthropogenic contamination concerns are especially troublesome on the Navajo Nation (NN), where past U mining activity may have contaminated water supplies. This research investigated U and As groundwater contamination issues in unregulated wells in the western portion of the NN. Objectives of this research were to provide insights to human health risks by assessing the spatial extent and seasonal variability of U and As concentrations while effectively communicating the potential contamination risks to the local Navajo people. Eighty‐two unregulated wells were sampled in 2018; nine of these sources exceeded the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for drinking water standards for U (30 µg/L), and 14 exceeded the MCL for drinking water standards for As (10 µg/L). U and As levels were highest in the southwest portion of the study area and seasonal variability was observed in a subset of wells, especially shallower hand dug wells and hand pumps. The results were compiled into a report that was presented to NN chapters included in the study as well as the Navajo Department of Water Resources and the NN Environmental Protection Agency. Implications for regional water quality patterns can help to direct policy recommendations for well monitoring, water use, and remediation targets.

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Dissolved Uranium and Arsenic in Unregulated Groundwater Sources – Western Navajo Nation

Jones

Credo

Parnell

et al. 2020

Contemporary Water Research

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Spatial clustering of metal and metalloid mixtures in unregulated water sources on the Navajo Nation – Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah, USA

Hoover

Coker

Barney

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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Contaminant mixtures are identified regularly in public and private drinking water supplies throughout the United States; however, the complex and often correlated nature of mixtures makes identification of relevant combinations challenging. This study employed a Bayesian clustering method to identify subgroups of water sources with similar metal and metalloid profiles. Additionally, a spatial scan statistic assessed spatial clustering of these subgroups and a human health metric was applied to investigate potential for human toxicity. These methods were applied to a dataset comprised of metal and metalloid measurements from unregulated water sources located on the Navajo Nation, in the southwest United States. Results indicated distinct subgroups of water sources with similar contaminant profiles and that some of these subgroups were spatially clustered. Several profiles had metal and metalloid concentrations that may have potential for human toxicity including arsenic, uranium, lead, manganese, and selenium. This approach may be useful for identifying mixtures in water sources, spatially evaluating the clusters, and help inform toxicological research investigating mixtures.

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The upper part of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation and related rocks, southeastern Utah and adjacent areas

O'Sullivan¹

1970

Professional Paper

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In northeastern Arizona the Owl Rock Member of the Chinle Formation is overlain by a unit of reddish-orange very fine grained sandstone and siltstone. Previously, this reddish-orange unit has been referred to informally as division A of the Chinle Formation. Division A is rerognized throughout northeastern Arizona; stratigraphic studies show that the unit extends not more than 8 miles into southeastern Utah. In different parts of northeastern Arizona, division A is named the Rock Point Member of the Wingate Sandstone or the Church Rock Member of the Chinle Formation. In southeastern Utah and parts of northeastern Arizona a fluviatile sandstone-the Hite Bed-is at the top of the Chinle Formation, and stratigraphic studies show it to be equivalent to division A. In much of southeastern Utah a unit of reddish-orange very fine grained sandstone and siltstone is present below the Hite Bed and is also called Church Rock Member of the Chinle Formation. However, the stratigraphic relations, grain-size analyses, clay minerals, and fossil content show that it is a separate unit equivalent to the Owl Rock Member of the Chinle Formation. It is the author's opinion that rocks formerly assigned to division A of the Chinle Formation be everywhere called the Rock Point Member of the Wingate Sandstone and that the so-called Church Rock of southeastern Utah be renamed. A widespread unconformity that separates the Chinle Formation, as here defined, from overlying rocks extends from southern Nevada across southwestern Utah and northeastern Arizona to northwestern New Mexico. The unconformity overlies the Owl Rock Member in most of northeastern Arizona and overlies older parts of the Chinle Formation to the west in Nevada and to the east in northwestern New Mexico. In southeastern Utah the unconformity probably lies at the base of rocks equivalent to the Hite Bed, where present, or .at the base of the Wingate Sandstone.

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Regional hydrogeology of the Navajo and Hopi Indian Reservations, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah, with a section on vegetation

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Dissolved Uranium and Arsenic in Unregulated Groundwater Sources – Western Navajo Nation

Dissolved Uranium and Arsenic in Unregulated Groundwater Sources – Western Navajo Nation

Spatial clustering of metal and metalloid mixtures in unregulated water sources on the Navajo Nation – Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah, USA

The upper part of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation and related rocks, southeastern Utah and adjacent areas

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