Regional Influences on Chinese Medicine Education: Comparing Australia and Hong Kong

Brosnan, Caragh; Chung, Vincent C.H.; Zhang, Anthony Lin; Adams, Jon

doi:10.1155/2016/6960207

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The authors are of the opinion that there is a need to acquire an in-depth perception of the current acupuncture education in SA. This view concurs with Brosnan et al [22] , who highlighted the importance of studying the contextualised experience of acupuncture programmes to adapt to particular contexts. Table 1 provides a comparison of the core content knowledge of acupuncture programmes to ensure students acquire adequate knowledge and skills for acupuncture clinical practice, according to the recommendations by WHO, Fujian University of Traditional Chinse Medicine (FJTCM), and a South African HEI.…”

Section: Acupuncture Programmes In South Africasupporting

confidence: 88%

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Exploring students’ views and experiences of an acupuncture programme at a South African university: Case study

Hu,

Zhang,

Razlog

2023

I-CM

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<p align="justify">Curriculum transformation for 21st-century skills in higher education is gaining much attention nationally and internationally. The African continent is becoming acutely aware of strengthening the curriculum to improve teaching and learning. In this study, the focus is on transforming the acupuncture programme to align with international standards. Streamlining and aligning the South Africa (SA) curriculum programme to international standards will improve patients’ health.<strong> </strong>The reason is that higher education institutions are responsible for ensuring that their students are competent in the world of work through quality educational programmes. There is an increasing demand for quality acupuncture services for the public. According to the World Health Organization, acupuncture is one of the most popular alternative medicines worldwide. However, there is a lack of research to explore contextualised acupuncture programmes on the African continent. This study aimed to explore the content of the South African acupuncture programme and align it with international standards. To undertake this study, the author employed a qualitative, single-case study by interviewing the students of the programme using a semi-structured interview schedule. The findings of this study revealed that students shared positive views towards the acupuncture programme. They had a clear and accurate understanding of the outcome of the programme. However, participants reported that there was limited clinical exposure in the acupuncture programme, which negatively affected students’ competencies in the working world. This study concluded that there was a need to ensure the contextualised acupuncture programme was benchmarked against international standards. Furthermore, there was a need to improve the infrastructure at the university to ensure adequate training facilities. This study is of profound significance since the identified higher education institution is the only university that provides an acupuncture programme in South Africa.</p>

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Section: Acupuncture Programmes In South Africasupporting

confidence: 88%

“…It is further recommended that sufficient time be allocated to the acupuncture programme at the HEI, particularly in clinical practice. It is recommended that the HEI and policymakers consider standardising the requirements for clinical practice in the form of internships for graduates before their full registration as acupuncturists [22,23] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Exploring students’ views and experiences of an acupuncture programme at a South African university: Case study

Hu,

Zhang,

Razlog

2023

I-CM

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“…In Hong Kong, CM practice is under full statutory regulation, and the private sector is the major CM service provider [5]. To promote education and research in CM, the government has established 18 semi-public CM clinics which are operating on a self-financed basis with government subsidy [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the UK, a qualitative study showed that CMPs had limited understanding of the concept of EBHC and related technical terminologies [9]. In Hong Kong, the level of government support to CM clinical research and education remains low when compared with other healthcare disciplines [6]. A previous study suggested that tailored EBHC training for Hong Kong CMPs might facilitate implementation of EBHC in routine CM practice [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and facilitators to promoting evidence uptake in Chinese medicine: a qualitative study in Hong Kong

Wong

Tse

Nilsén

et al. 2021

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background In response to the World Health Organization’s recommendation, policy makers have been adopting evidence-based healthcare approach to promote the development of traditional, complementary and integrative medicine (TCIM) into Hong Kong’s health system. Disseminating synopses of clinical evidence from systematic reviews or randomized trials is regarded as a potentially effective strategy to promote evidence uptake. The study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to implementing this strategy among Hong Kong Chinese medicine practitioners (CMPs). Methods Twenty-five CMPs aged under 45 years and trained in Hong Kong after reunification with China in 1997 were interviewed individually. Four clinical evidence synopses of randomized trials and systematic reviews on Chinese medicine interventions were presented, and CMPs were asked to comment on their applicability in routine practice. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was applied to guide interview and analysis. Results The barriers included: i) CMPs’ perceived difficulties in applying complex evidence in decision-making and ii) inadequate training and limited consultation time. The facilitators were i) availability of publicly accessible and user-friendly synopses, ii) formation of community of evidence-based practice among CMPs with input from key opinion leaders, iii) opportunity for interprofessional collaborations with conventional healthcare providers, and iv) patients’ demand for evidence-based clinical advice. Besides, i) CMPs’ knowledge and beliefs in evidence-based healthcare approach, ii) presentations of evidence-based information in the synopses, and iii) clinical decision making as influenced by quality of evidence reported acted as both barriers and facilitators. Conclusions This CFIR-based qualitative study investigated how the World Health Organization recommendation of promoting evidence use in routine practice was perceived by CMPs trained in Hong Kong after reunification with China in 1997. Key barriers and facilitators to applying evidence were identified. Such results will inform tailoring of implementation strategies for promoting evidence uptake, in the context of a well-developed health system dominated by conventional medicine.

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“…Since the 1980s, acupuncturists were typically engaged in mobilising their practice from the fringes towards mainstream medical care by adopting the same professionalisation strategies as ‘conventional’ health care practitioners ( Almeida and Gabe, 2016 ; Barnes, 2003 ; Bivins, 2010 ; Cant, 2009 ; Givati and Hatton, 2015 ; Saks, 2003 ; Welsh et al., 2004 ). These professional strategies included the formalisation of their knowledge base by establishing standardised training programmes, some of which, since the mid-1990s, took place in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), in countries like Australia ( Baer, 2015 ; Brosnan et al., 2016 ; Zheng, 2014 ), the UK ( Cant and Sharma, 1999 ; Givati and Hatton, 2015 ; Saks, 2001 ), and the US ( Barnes, 2003 ; Flesch, 2013 ). Against this backdrop, the aim of this study is to explore acupuncture educators’ perceived experience of over two decades in HEIs, and the way paradigmatic and academic tensions with biomedicine and the academic institutions were negotiated within a framework that is designed to accommodate medical sciences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘disenchantment’ of traditional acupuncturists in higher education

Givati

Berlinsky²

2021

Health (London)

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Efforts of traditional acupuncturists in the UK to regulate their practice and standardise their training, led, from the mid-1990s, to the launch of acupuncture undergraduate programmes within, or validated by, universities. It appeared as if by so doing acupuncturists were on course to align themselves with ‘scientifically plausible’, state-regulated, allied health professionals, a remarkable development considering the marginality of acupuncture practice outside East Asia, and its paradigmatic tensions with biomedicine. But was it really to be? Based on in-depth interviews with higher education acupuncture educators and an analysis of educational documents published by the leading professional body, we explore the way in which this paradigmatic tension is negotiated within a framework that is dominated by biomedicine. By critically revisiting sociology of professions and anti-colonial analysis, we examine an over two decades long journey of acupuncture educators in academic institutions in the UK. Based on this analysis, we point at some of the challenges that acupuncturists faced in higher education that may have restricted the academic legitimisation of acupuncture and that left them in a position of academic marginality and greater exposure to scrutiny, leading to their academic and mainstreaming ‘disillusionment’. At the same time, by positioning themselves as ‘professional academics’ within higher education institutions and demonstrating professionalism, acupuncture educators were able to demonstrate academic and professional ‘credibility’ and therefore distance themselves from the continuous scrutiny over their ‘biomedical fragility’.

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Regional Influences on Chinese Medicine Education: Comparing Australia and Hong Kong

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Exploring students’ views and experiences of an acupuncture programme at a South African university: Case study

Exploring students’ views and experiences of an acupuncture programme at a South African university: Case study

Barriers and facilitators to promoting evidence uptake in Chinese medicine: a qualitative study in Hong Kong

The ‘disenchantment’ of traditional acupuncturists in higher education

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