Regional integration and local change: road paving, community connectivity, and social–ecological resilience in a tri-national frontier, southwestern Amazonia

Perz, Stephen G.; Cabrera, Liliana; Carvalho, Lucas Araújo; Castillo, Jorge; Chacacanta, Rosmery; Cossío, Rosa E.; Solano, Yeni Franco; Hoelle, Jeffrey; Perales, Leonor Mercedes; Puerta, Israel; Cespedes, Daniel Rojas; Camacho, Ioav Rojas; Silva, Adão Costa

doi:10.1007/s10113-011-0233-x

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…However, many species are considered under threat of extinction considering future development scenarios (Feeley and Silman 2009) and climate change (Saatchi et al 2013). MAP is also a region of substantial social diversity, including indigenous people and forest extractivists as well as migrant groups including colonists, ranchers and miners, and growing urban populations (Perz et al 2012a). The aforementioned change of the MAP region has been largely caused by the construction of the transoceanic highway that is currently an ongoing project (Fig.…”

Section: The Madre De Dios-acre-pando Socio-ecological Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a and b t are predicted for every year t. These can be averaged across the space (time series along the t axis) but a richer information is shown by their probability distribution functions (pdfs) that is likely a function of the sub-year environmental variability for t i t (e.g. local rainfall and climate teleconnections (Davidson et al 2012), and human disturbances (Perz et al 2012a) considering ecological and management values together are widely used for optimizing the management of natural resources, for instance also considering climate change (Wintle et al 2011;Ziv et al 2012), but not for designing monitoring networks.…”

Section: Regular Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of optimal ecosystem monitoring networks: hotspot detection and biodiversity patterns

Convertino

Muñoz‐Carpena

Kiker

et al. 2014

Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess

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Effective monitoring of ecosystems is crucial for assessing and possibly anticipating shifts, quantifying ecosystem services, and optimal decision making based on shifts and services. The selection of monitoring sites is typically suboptimal following local stakeholder or research interests that do not allow to capture ecosystem patterns and dynamics as a whole. The design of optimal monitoring network is crucial for the accurate determination of biodiversity patterns of ecosystems. A novel model for the design of optimal monitoring networks for biodiversity based on the concept of the value of information (VoI) is proposed. The VoI is assigned to species richness that is the economically and ecologically valuable metric. As a case study the trinational frontier ecosystem among Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia is considered for the model. A multiresolution texture-based model estimates species richness and turnover on satellite imagery calibrated on different sets of information coming from forest plot data organized in network topologies. The optimal monitoring network is the network that minimizes the integrated VoI defined as the variation of the VoI in the 28 years considered. This is equivalent to minimize the sum of the species turnover of the ecosystem. The small world network is identified as the optimal and most resilient monitoring network whose nodes are the hotspots of species richness. The hotspots are identified as the sites whose VoI is the highest for the whole period considered. Hence, the hotspots are the most valuable communities for inferring biodiversity patterns and the most ecologically/economically valuable according to the richness-resilience hypothesis. Most hotspots are honored by the small world network that can be thought as the ''backbone'' ecological network of the ecosystem. The small world monitoring network has an accuracy *50 % higher than other network topologies in predicting biodiversity patterns. This network Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (has the highest VoI at any time step and scale considered; thus, it guarantees to track changes of ecosystems in space and time. The network that results from the optimal tradeoff between data value with their uncertainty and relevance, has deep implications for understanding ecosystem function and for management decisions. The model allows to include preferences for ecosystem communities by using differential weights on the VoI of these communities, and economic constraints that limit the extension of the network. Because of the optimal integration of environmental, social, and economical factors the model allows a sustainable monitoring and planning of biodiversity for the future.

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Section: The Madre De Dios-acre-pando Socio-ecological Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regular Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of optimal ecosystem monitoring networks: hotspot detection and biodiversity patterns

Convertino

Muñoz‐Carpena

Kiker

et al. 2014

Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess

Self Cite

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“…The resilience literature highlights the value of redundancy and complementarity among system components, whether among species in ecosystems [22,23] or activities in livelihoods [24,25]. Social science research on resilience has therefore highlighted livelihood diversity as a means of accruing greater benefits to social groups as well as reducing vulnerability to external shocks [20,[26][27][28]. Livelihood diversity thus begets resilience by providing more options for households to accumulate resources, manage uncertainty, and adapt to rapid change.…”

Section: Change In Livelihood Diversity and Household Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We thus invoke the concepts of connectivity and resilience to frame an analysis of the effects of infrastructure on changes in rural livelihood diversity [27,28]. Whereas connectivity reflects market accessibility and thus regional integration, the concept of resilience provides an interpretive framework for understanding changes in livelihood diversity.…”

Section: Research Questions and Theoretical Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trans-Boundary Infrastructure and Changes in Rural Livelihood Diversity in the Southwestern Amazon: Resilience and Inequality

et al. 2015

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Infrastructure has long been a priority in development policy, but there is debate over infrastructure impacts. Whereas economic studies show reductions in poverty, social research has documented growing income inequality. We suggest that a focus on livelihoods permits a bridge between the two literatures by highlighting decisions by households that may capture economic benefits but also yield social inequalities. We therefore take up two questions. First is whether new infrastructure allows households to diversify their livelihoods, where diversity begets resilience and thus affords livelihood sustainability. Second is whether households with more diverse livelihoods exhibit greater increases in livelihood diversity, which would widen livelihood inequalities. We take up the case of the Inter-Oceanic Highway, a trans-boundary infrastructure project in the southwestern Amazon. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 12808Findings from a rural household survey for the first question show a strong effect of accessibility on increasing livelihood diversity in areas receiving infrastructure upgrades, an indication that infrastructure fosters household resilience. However, results regarding the second question indicate that households with more diversified livelihoods also exhibit larger increments in diversity, which implies growing livelihood inequality. There remains a need to account for inequalities in livelihood diversity, since less diversified households benefit less from new infrastructure and remain more exposed to risks to their livelihoods.

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Scientists and Stakeholders, Data and Diagnostics: Crossing Boundaries for Modeling the Impacts of Highway Paving in a Tri-national Frontier in the Amazon

Perz

Selaya

Muñoz‐Carpena

et al. 2019

Collaboration Across Boundaries for Social-Ecological Systems Science

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Regional integration and local change: road paving, community connectivity, and social–ecological resilience in a tri-national frontier, southwestern Amazonia

Cited by 40 publications

References 64 publications

Design of optimal ecosystem monitoring networks: hotspot detection and biodiversity patterns

Design of optimal ecosystem monitoring networks: hotspot detection and biodiversity patterns

Trans-Boundary Infrastructure and Changes in Rural Livelihood Diversity in the Southwestern Amazon: Resilience and Inequality

Scientists and Stakeholders, Data and Diagnostics: Crossing Boundaries for Modeling the Impacts of Highway Paving in a Tri-national Frontier in the Amazon

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