Regional modulation of the ankle plantarflexor muscles associated with standing external perturbations across different directions

Cohen, Joshua W.; Gallina, Alessio; Ivanova, Tanya D.; Vieira, Taian; McAndrew, Darryl J; Garland, S. Jayne

doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05696-8

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Lack of significant effects for the SOL muscle in the generation of reactive postural responses showed low sensitivity of this muscle to our experimental manipulations. The differential participation of the three muscles is consistent with previous analyses of the roles played by each muscle of the triceps surae in equivalent conditions of body balance perturbation 26,27 . Absence of effects related to group indicates that footedness had no effect on automatic muscular responses either in the pre-fatigue or in the fatigue state.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Does footedness affect bilateral plantar flexor responses to sudden stance perturbations under unilateral lower leg muscular fatigue?

Rinaldin,

Oliveira,

Souza

et al. 2023

BJMB

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BACKGROUND: Analysis of performance asymmetries has indicated that the right and left cerebral hemispheres are specialized for specific functions of motor control. AIM: In the current investigation, we aimed to evaluate the effect of leg dominance on electrical activation of the plantar flexor muscles in responses to unanticipated stance perturbations in a state muscular fatigue of the dominant leg. METHOD: Fatigue was induced through ankle isometric contraction targeting 40% of maximum voluntary contraction. Muscle activation of the triceps surae of the dominant and non-dominant legs were compared in reactive responses to unanticipated load released from the trunk, leading to forward body sway. Muscular responses were analyzed in two states: pre-fatigue and fatigue of the triceps surae muscles of the dominant leg only. RESULTS: Analysis of magnitude of muscular activation for balance recovery following perturbations revealed fatigue-related compensatory activation in the lateral gastrocnemius muscle, as indicated by over-activation of the non-fatigued/non-dominant leg to compensate for the low muscular activation of the dominant/fatigued leg in the unilateral fatigue state. CONCLUSION: Compensatory behavior between the legs was not evident in the medial gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Lack of effects related to leg dominance indicates that footedness did not affect automatic muscular responses either in the pre-fatigue or fatigue states.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Does footedness affect bilateral plantar flexor responses to sudden stance perturbations under unilateral lower leg muscular fatigue?

Rinaldin,

Oliveira,

Souza

et al. 2023

BJMB

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show abstract

“…joint stabilization, distribution of tendon strain). This is supported by indirect neurophysiological and biomechanical measures of human GL and GM, that suggest different actions in the frontal plane (12,39,50). Also, these muscles are architecturally different, with GL exhibiting a smaller volume and longer fascicles than GM (13).…”

Section: Gm and Gl Are "Non-identical Twins"mentioning

confidence: 77%

Muscles from the same muscle group do not necessarily share common drive: evidence from the human triceps surae

Hug

Vecchio

Avrillon

et al. 2021

Journal of Applied Physiology

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It has been proposed that movements are produced through groups of muscles, or motor modules, activated by common neural commands. However, the neural origin of motor modules is still debated. Here, we used complementary approaches to determine: i) whether three muscles of the same muscle group (soleus, gastrocnemius medialis [GM] and lateralis [GL]) are activated by a common neural drive ; and ii) whether the neural drive to GM and GL could be differentially modified by altering the mechanical requirements of the task. Eighteen human participants performed an isometric standing heel raise and submaximal isometric plantarflexions (10%, 30%, 50% of maximal effort). High-density surface electromyography recordings were decomposed into motor unit action potentials and coherence analysis was applied on the motor units spike trains. We identified strong common drive to each muscle, but minimal common drive between the muscles. Further, large between-muscle differences were observed during the isometric plantarflexions, such as a delayed recruitment time of GL compared to GM and soleus motor units and opposite time-dependent changes in the estimates of neural drive to muscles during the torque plateau. Finally, the feet position adopted during the heel raise task (neutral vs internally rotated) affected only the GL neural drive with no change for GM. These results provide conclusive that not all anatomically defined synergist muscles are controlled by strong common neural drive. Independent drive to some muscles from the same muscle group may allow for more flexible control to comply with secondary goals such as joint stabilization.

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“…The study of Hodson-Tole et al ( 48 ) supported this task-dependent preferential recruitment of distal regions of MG muscle during voluntary contractions. Region-specific neuromuscular regulation along the medial-lateral axis within the MG muscle was also revealed in response to lateral perturbation during unilateral standing ( 49 ), suggesting that this regional activation is associated with MG regional contributions to inversion and eversion moments ( 50 ). These studies suggest that the MG muscle is regionally recruited for specific tasks, rather than being regulated as a single actuator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Novel Insights Into Biarticular Muscle Actions Gained From High-Density Electromyogram

Watanabe

Vieira

Gallina

et al. 2021

Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews

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Regional modulation of the ankle plantarflexor muscles associated with standing external perturbations across different directions

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Does footedness affect bilateral plantar flexor responses to sudden stance perturbations under unilateral lower leg muscular fatigue?

Does footedness affect bilateral plantar flexor responses to sudden stance perturbations under unilateral lower leg muscular fatigue?

Muscles from the same muscle group do not necessarily share common drive: evidence from the human triceps surae

Novel Insights Into Biarticular Muscle Actions Gained From High-Density Electromyogram

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