Regional Patterns of Elevated Alpha and High-Frequency Electroencephalographic Activity during Nonrapid Eye Movement Sleep in Chronic Insomnia: A Pilot Study

Riedner, Brady A.; Goldstein, Michael R.; Plante, David T.; Rumble, Meredith E.; Ferrarelli, Fabio; Tononi, Giulio; Benca, Ruth M.

doi:10.5665/sleep.5632

Cited by 89 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(89 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Source localization analysis found those differences likely originated from the frontal gyri and the anterior cingulate [46]. A recent high-density EEG pilot study found that individuals with PI had greater alpha and theta levels during N3 (delta) sleep than GS, suggesting that “wake-like” brain activity persists in insomnia even during the deepest stages of sleep [47]. Source localization suggested the heighted brain activity during NREM sleep originates from sensory and sensorimotor cortical areas [47].…”

Section: Functional Neuroimaging Studies Of Insomniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent high-density EEG pilot study found that individuals with PI had greater alpha and theta levels during N3 (delta) sleep than GS, suggesting that “wake-like” brain activity persists in insomnia even during the deepest stages of sleep [47]. Source localization suggested the heighted brain activity during NREM sleep originates from sensory and sensorimotor cortical areas [47]. As noted in the previous section, increased high-frequency EEG activity during wakefulness and “wake-like” EEG activity during NREM sleep may be due to reduced inhibition as well as increased excitation in particular brain regions.…”

Section: Functional Neuroimaging Studies Of Insomniamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hyperarousal and Beyond: New Insights to the Pathophysiology of Insomnia Disorder through Functional Neuroimaging Studies

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neuroimaging studies have produced seemingly contradictory findings in regards to the pathophysiology of insomnia. Although most study results are interpreted from the perspective of a “hyperarousal” model, the aggregate findings from neuroimaging studies suggest a more complex model is needed. We provide a review of the major findings from neuroimaging studies, then discuss them in relation to a heuristic model of sleep-wake states that involves three major factors: wake drive, sleep drive, and level of conscious awareness. We propose that insomnia involves dysregulation in these factors, resulting in subtle dysregulation of sleep-wake states throughout the 24 h light/dark cycle.

show abstract

Section: Functional Neuroimaging Studies Of Insomniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Functional Neuroimaging Studies Of Insomniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperarousal and Beyond: New Insights to the Pathophysiology of Insomnia Disorder through Functional Neuroimaging Studies

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although it may be seen in asymptomatic subjects (Scheuler et al 1983;Horne and Shackell 1991), its prevalence and extent are clearly greater in these disorders such that a clinical association is well established. Whether alpha intrusion causes the patient's complaints, is a consequence of disruptive stimuli, or both is not clear (Riedner et al 2016;Pivik and Harman 1995;Stone et al 2008). Large studies are needed to identify its clinical significance.…”

Section: Assessment Of Alpha Intrusion (Alpha-delta Sleep)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intrusion of alpha activity in non-REM sleep is frequently present in patients with fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue and non-restorative sleep (Anch et al 1991;Branco et al 1994;Moldofsky et al 1975;Olsen et al 2013), arthritis (Mahowald et al 1989), insomnia (Martinez et al 2010;Riedner et al 2016) and depression (Hauri and Hawkins 1973;Jaimchariyatam et al 2011). Although it may be seen in asymptomatic subjects (Scheuler et al 1983;Horne and Shackell 1991), its prevalence and extent are clearly greater in these disorders such that a clinical association is well established.…”

Section: Assessment Of Alpha Intrusion (Alpha-delta Sleep)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The case for using digital EEG analysis in clinical sleep medicine

Younes

2017

Sleep Science Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evaluation of sleep in clinical polysomnograms continues to rely almost exclusively on visual scoring that implements rules proposed by Rechtschaffen and Kales nearly 50 years ago. Apart from its cost and timeconsuming nature, visual scoring has limitations including: A) Sleep depth, which is a continuous variable, is treated as if it changes in a stepwise fashion from light (stage 1), to intermediate (stage 2) to deep (stage 3). B) Even with this limited scale, there is considerable inter-scorer variability, particularly in scoring stages 1 and 3 of non-REM sleep, thereby adding uncertainty to %time spent in these stages as a reliable metric for evaluating sleep depth. C) Limitation in scoring some of EEG features, including 1) arousal intensity, 2) extent of Alpha intrusion and 3) frequency, and characteristics of sleep spindles and K complexes. Digital analysis can solve these problems but producing a reliable system has been a challenge. In this review I begin with recent advances in digital scoring of sleep according to the Rechtschaffen and Kales rules and conclude that this technology has progressed enough to make it possible to obtain reliable, reproducible scoring, comparable in accuracy to scoring by highly experienced technologists, with minimal editing. This is followed by description of several new metrics that can be obtained if digital scoring systems were to be used routinely in clinical studies. The scientific evidence supporting the potential of these metrics to positively impact sleep medicine practice and the wide range of such metrics in patients studied in the sleep laboratory are highlighted.

show abstract

“…Basic scientific work over the past decades indicates that insomnia is characterized by persistent (24 h) hyperarousal as a final common pathway [38,39], as indicated, for instance, by decreased slow-wave sleep, increased fast-frequency (EEG β range) power during NREM sleep [40], and increased indices of local wakefulness during sleep [41]. However, these studies show a substantial variance across patients with insomnia and it appears to be important to further characterize individual alterations of sleep.…”

Section: Insomniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Arousal and Sleep through Noninvasive Brain Stimulation to Improve Mental Health

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Arousal and sleep represent fundamental physiological domains, and alterations in the form of insomnia (difficulty falling or staying asleep) or hypersomnia (increased propensity for falling asleep or increased sleep duration) are prevalent clinical problems. Current first-line treatments include psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Despite significant success, a number of patients do not benefit sufficiently. Progress is limited by an incomplete understanding of the neurobiology of insomnia and hypersomnia. This work summarizes current concepts of the regulation of arousal and sleep and its modulation through noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), including transcranial magnetic, current, and auditory stimulation. Particularly, we suggest: (1) characterization of patients with sleep problems -across diagnostic entities of mental disorders -based on specific alterations of sleep, including alterations of sleep slow waves, sleep spindles, cross-frequency coupling of brain oscillations, local sleep-wake regulation, and REM sleep and (2) targeting these with specific NIBS techniques. While evidence is accumulating that the modulation of specific alterations of sleep through NIBS is feasible, it remains to be tested whether this translates to clinically relevant effects and new treatment developments.

show abstract

Regional Patterns of Elevated Alpha and High-Frequency Electroencephalographic Activity during Nonrapid Eye Movement Sleep in Chronic Insomnia: A Pilot Study

Abstract: These results suggest that even during the deepest stage of sleep, sensory and sensorimotor areas in insomnia subjects may still be relatively active compared to control subjects and to the rest of the sleeping brain.

Cited by 89 publications

References 77 publications

Hyperarousal and Beyond: New Insights to the Pathophysiology of Insomnia Disorder through Functional Neuroimaging Studies

Hyperarousal and Beyond: New Insights to the Pathophysiology of Insomnia Disorder through Functional Neuroimaging Studies

The case for using digital EEG analysis in clinical sleep medicine

Targeting Arousal and Sleep through Noninvasive Brain Stimulation to Improve Mental Health

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About