Regional patterns of Folsom mobility and land use in the American Southwest

Clovis and Dalton: Unbounded and Bounded Systems in the Midcontinent of North America

“…Paleoindian researchers have shown that lithic materials were frequently procured from distant sources (100-400 km), underscoring the need to document the range of variability and distribution of raw materials across vast areas that typically encompass several physiographic regions and crosscut modern political boundaries (e.g., Ellis and Lothrop 1989;Amick 1996).…”

“…Paleoindian researchers, especially those focused on Folsom, have honed this approach (e.g., Hofman 1994Hofman , 1999Hofman , 2003Amick 1996Amick , 2000. Patterns of lithic procurement indicate Folsom groups were highly mobile, and bison killsites indicate this mobility stemmed in part from hunting a mobile prey.…”

Geochemical comparisons of silicified rhyolites from two prehistoric quarries and 11 prehistoric projectile points, Socorro County, New Mexico, U.S.A.

“…Current research has demonstrated that knowledge of major and trace element variations in obsidians can be used to accurately identify geologic sources of obsidian across the landscape of the Southwest (Judge, 1973;Nelson and Holmes, 1979;Shackley, 1988Shackley, , 1995Baugh, 1991;Amick, 1994;Hughes, 1994a;LeTourneau et al, 1998). Through the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technology, these element variations have been used to identify unique chemical signatures for obsidians which researchers subsequently employ to shed new light on our understanding of prehistoric preference, use, and redis-tribution of lithics in time and space (Shackley, 1990(Shackley, , 1992Hughes, 1994a;Davis, 1995;Dello-Russo, 1997).…”

Temporal Scales and Archaeological Landscapes from the Eastern Desert of Australia and Intermontane North America

“…This endeavor links archaeoiogical material with the interpretation of cultural dynamics and makes possible the strategic interpretations discussed above. For example, Amick (1996) and Bamforth and Becker (2000) rely on the reductive nature of chipped stone technology and various reasonable stipulations derived thereof to offer expectations for archaeological assemblages fonned because of different configurations of Paleoindian mobility. Dering (1999) and Stafford et al (2000) rely on plant community ecology (productivity, diversity, abundance, rebound rates) to situate their interpretations of Archaic age subsistence strategies in west Texas and southern Illinois, respectively.…”

“…Archaeologists described past hunter-gatherer behavior using the concept of "strategies" similar in form to the analytical evolutionary stable strategies (ESS) of evolutionary ecology. They undertook studies that recognized mobility strategies (e.g., Amick, 1996;Bamforth and Becker, 2000;Smith and McNees, 1999), technological and land use strategies (e.g., Cowan, 1999), reproductive strategies (e.g., Bettinger, 1993), and subsistence strategies (e.g., Dering, 1999;Stafford, et al, 2000).…”