Regional prevalences of Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia bissettiae, and Bartonella henselae in Ixodes affinis, Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis in the USA

Maggi, Ricardo G.; Toliver, Marcée; Richardson, Toni; Mather, Thomas N.; Breitschwerdt, Edward B.

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.11.015

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…All types of ticks were found to contain Bartonella DNA, although in varying percentages and locations. A survey regarding ticks from 16 states of the United States revealed that the overall prevalence of B. henselae in Ixodes ticks was 2.5% [23]. In Austria, Bartonella spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Bartonella in ixodid ticks collected from yaks and plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) in Shiqu County, China

et al. 2020

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Background: Bartonella bacteria have been associated with an increasingly wide range of human and animal diseases. These emerging pathogens have been identified as being globally dispersed. Ticks and small rodents are known hosts of Bartonella and play a significant role in the preservation and circulation of Bartonella in nature. This study investigated the occurrence of hoist spp. in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) in Shiqu County, which is located on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in China. Shiqu County is spread over approximately 26,000 km 2 , with an average altitude of above 4200 m and a vast area of pastureland. Results: A total of 818 ticks (Dermacentor everestianus, 79.0%, 646/818; Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis, 21.0%, 172/818) were collected from yaks in 4 villages of Shiqu County. Only Bartonella melophagi was detected in tick samples, with a total prevalence of 30.1% (246/818). The infection rates of B. melophagi in ticks from Arizha, Maga, Derongma, and Changxgma were 4.8, 76.8, 12.5, and 18.0%, respectively. The infection rate of B. melophagi in Maga was higher (p < 0.01) than those in other villages. Regarding plateau pikas, the total infection rate of Bartonella spp. was 21.7% (62/286), with 16.7% (12/72), 30.9% (25/81), 13.8% (9/65), and 23.5% (16/68) in Arizha, Maga, Derongma, and Changxgma, respectively. Finally, B. queenslandensis and B. grahamii were detected in plateau pika. No significant difference was observed (p > 0.05) in the infection rates between these study sites. Conclusion: To date, only D. everestianus and H. qinghaiensis were found in Shiqu County with high infection of Bartonella spp. in the ticks and plateau pika. The threats of Bartonella species to public health should be closely monitored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Bartonella in ixodid ticks collected from yaks and plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) in Shiqu County, China

et al. 2020

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“…The role of different tick species as vectors for Bartonella is still a hot topic in the scientific literature, with approximately equal numbers of scientists/papers supporting and rejecting a pivotal role for ticks as vectors (Angelakis et al 2010;Telford and Wormser 2010;Billeter et al 2008Billeter et al , 2012. There are numerous papers reporting various frequencies for the detection of Bartonella DNA in ticks (Angelakis et al 2010;Bonnet et al 2013;Maggi et al 2018), including both Bartonella species typically encountered in rodents and Bartonella species of public health significance, such as B. henselae (Maggi et al 2018;Földvári et al 2016;Reye et al 2013;Rar et al 2005b). Despite these studies there are still no unequivocally convincing experimental or epidemiological studies providing conclusive evidence that bartonellae are transmitted by ticks (Telford and Wormser 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apparently, there is a weak association, or more often no association, between 'tick factors' (tick seasonality, tick foci, occurrence of borreliosis) and the occurrence of bartonellosis or seroconversion in humans (Telford and Wormser 2010;Zając et al 2015;Muller et al 2016). The majority of published findings on the detection of Bartonella in ticks is based on DNA detection (not on bacterial cultures) and these mostly report low prevalence (0.5-9%) in questing hard ticks, including D. reticulatus (Bonnet et al 2013;Reye et al 2013;Muller et al 2016;Maggi et al 2018). Such low prevalence of about 0.5-1% is not compatible with a key role for ticks of this species as vectors and should be interpreted more as accidental findings, without a crucial role in epidemiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of juvenile Dermacentor reticulatus ticks as vectors of microorganisms and the problem of ‘meal contamination’

et al. 2019

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Juvenile Dermacentor reticulatus ticks inhabit nests and burrows of their rodent hosts and cannot be collected from vegetation. To detect vertical transmission of Babesia canis in D. reticulatus, we studied larvae and nymphs collected from rodents. However, the molecular techniques used for detection of pathogen DNA are sensitive enough to detect not only pathogens vectored by ticks but also those taken up with current or previous blood meals ('meal contamination') or just present in the environment and on the tick or host surface ('environmental contaminations'). Thus, an additional aim of our study was to evaluate the extent of such contamination while studying feeding ticks collected from rodents. Juvenile D. reticulatus were collected from 140 rodents: 91 bank voles trapped in two forest sites in the Mazury Lake District and 49 rodents (Apodemus and Microtus spp.) from an open habitat near the town of Białobrzegi in Central Poland. Altogether 504 D. reticulatus ticks, comprising 266 individually evaluated nymphs and 238 larvae assigned to 50 larval pools, were studied for the presence of Babesia, Bartonella and Rickettsia spp. DNA. Statistical analyses were conducted to (1) evaluate the effect of rodent host factors (species, sex and age) on prevalence of infection in ticks, and (2) to compare the frequency of positive samples between groups of pathogen-positive and pathogen-negative rodent hosts. To complete the last aim, blood samples obtained from 49 rodents from Białobrzegi were studied for the presence of Babesia and Bartonella DNA. Infestation of rodent hosts with juvenile ticks ranged between 46 and 78%, with a mean abundance of 3.6 ticks/rodent for D. reticulatus and 4.8 ticks/rodent for Ixodes ricinus. The highest prevalence of PCR-positive D. reticulatus samples was obtained for Rickettsia spp. (28%) and R. raoultii was identified in 22 sequenced PCR products. Babesia DNA was detected in 20 (7.5%), including B. microti in 18 (6.8%) and B. canis in two (0.8%) of 266 D. reticulatus nymphs that were analyzed. Babesia microti DNA was also detected in four pools of D. reticulatus larvae (4/50 pools = 8%). The detection success of B. microti in D. reticulatus was associated with the species of the rodent hosts of the ticks (much higher for typical B. microti-host-species such as Microtus spp. than for Apodemus spp.) and host age (3 × higher in ticks collected from adult hosts in comparison to juvenile ones). Moreover, the DNA of B. microti was detected in 68% of D. reticulatus nymphs collected from B. microti-positive rodents in comparison to only 1.6% of nymphs collected from B. microti-negative rodents. Bartonella DNA was

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“…More than 38 spp. or subspecies have been described, 18 of which have been associated with an expanding spectrum of human diseases 4‐6 . Bartonella quintana has been detected in 4000‐year‐old human remains, representing the oldest evidence of this infection to human beings 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…fleas, biting flies and ticks, and potentially spiders 5,10,11 are known to transmit various Bartonella spp. to animals and humans.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging analysis of Bartonella species in the skin using single‐photon and multi‐photon (second harmonic generation) laser scanning microscopy

Maluki

Breitschwerdt

Bemis

et al. 2020

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Regional prevalences of Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia bissettiae, and Bartonella henselae in Ixodes affinis, Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis in the USA

Cited by 21 publications

References 58 publications

Molecular detection of Bartonella in ixodid ticks collected from yaks and plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) in Shiqu County, China

Molecular detection of Bartonella in ixodid ticks collected from yaks and plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) in Shiqu County, China

The role of juvenile Dermacentor reticulatus ticks as vectors of microorganisms and the problem of ‘meal contamination’

Imaging analysis of Bartonella species in the skin using single‐photon and multi‐photon (second harmonic generation) laser scanning microscopy

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