Regional variability in landscape effects on forest bird communities

Spake, Rebecca; Soga, Masashi; Kawamura, Kazuhiro; Cooke, Rob; Yamaura, Yuichi; Eigenbrod, Felix

doi:10.1007/s10980-020-01005-9

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…We used the bird data from 2009 to 2020 because a different survey method was used at the forest and grassland sites before 2009. We took the maximum number of individuals observed for each species at each site each year from the repeated surveys following the approach of Spake et al (2020). We assumed that the abundance was generally underestimated by point or linetransect counts and, therefore, that the maximum number of birds detected in any visit represented the minimum number at that location (Spake et al, 2020).…”

Section: Bird Abundance Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We took the maximum number of individuals observed for each species at each site each year from the repeated surveys following the approach of Spake et al (2020). We assumed that the abundance was generally underestimated by point or linetransect counts and, therefore, that the maximum number of birds detected in any visit represented the minimum number at that location (Spake et al, 2020). We concluded that the imperfect detection of birds would not affect our findings (further discussion in Appendix S4).…”

Section: Bird Abundance Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of human depopulation and warming climate on bird populations in Japan

Katayama,

Fujita,

Ueta

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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Quantifying biodiversity trends in economically‐developed countries, where depopulation, associated secondary succession, and climate warming are ongoing, provides insights for global biodiversity conservation in the 21st century. However, few studies have assessed the impacts of secondary succession and climate warming on species’ population trends at a national scale. In this study, we estimated the population trends of common breeding bird species in Japan and tested the associations between the overall population trend and species traits using nationwide bird count data of 47 species collected from 2009 to 2020. We found that the overall population trend varied among species, with four species showing a moderate population increase, 18 being stable, 11 showing a moderate population decline, and 13 with uncertain population trends over the study period. The difference in overall trends among the species was associated with their habitat groups and temperature niche position. Species with lower temperature niche positions experienced more pronounced declines. Multi‐species indicators showed a moderate increase in forest specialists and moderate declines in both forest generalists (the species that use both forests and open habitats) and open‐habitat specialists. Forest generalists and open‐habitat specialists also tended to decline more rapidly at sites with more abandoned farmland. All species groups showed an accelerated decline or decelerated increase after 2015. These findings suggested that common breeding birds in Japan are facing deteriorating trends as a result of nationwide changes in land use and climate. Future land‐use planning and policies will need to consider the benefits of both passive rewilding for forest specialists and active restoration measures (e.g., low‐intensive forestry and agriculture) for non‐forest specialists to effectively conserve biodiversity in the era of human depopulation and climate warming.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Bird Abundance Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bird Abundance Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of human depopulation and warming climate on bird populations in Japan

Katayama,

Fujita,

Ueta

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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“…Forest plantations in the steppe exist in highly extreme conditions in the steppe, which is due to the significant variability of bird life conditions in them. Contamination, felling, fires and the disturbance factor are the reasons for sharp fluctuations in the bird population in artificial plantations (Spake et al, 2020). The precipitation factor was the leading one for forming the dynamics of bird communities in forest strips.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time turnover of species in bird communities: the role of landscape diversity and climate change

Koshelev

Fedushko

et al. 2020

Biosys. divers.

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The challenge of searching for patterns of species turnover dynamics in communities of living organisms is directly related to solving problems of stability and functioning of ecosystems. Avian communities are an essential structural and functional component of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems which are highly diverse and play an important role in a wide range of ecosystem functions. The issue of changes in the dynamics of amphibiotic landscape complexes, where terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems conjugate, is practically not solved. In this connection, a study was carried out within a landscape system, which presents terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems that were in different degrees of anthropogenic transformation. The dynamics of bird communities was considered in the context of recent global climate change. The investigation was conducted in the landscapes of the south and south-east of Ukraine in the nesting seasons 1988–2018. Within the landscape system associated with the Molochny estuary, the ten most important types of ecosystems were distinguished, which included : agricultural lands, artificial forest belts, meadows, islands and spits, reed beds, urban areas, solonchaks, steppe, cliffs, artificial forests. The temporal turnover of the bird communities was decomposed into two parts: the first term (D1) related to the amount of change in community composition, and the second term (D2) being dependent only on the amount of change in community size sensu its abundance. The contribution ratio of the species and of the environment variable were calculated to identify drivers that influence the turnover measure. The average annual temperature and the sum of annual temperatures were considered as environment variables. The bird metacommunity of the studied landscape system was represented by 132 species from 86 genera, 42 families and 13 orders. During the research period the average annual temperature varied from 9.5 to 12.5 ˚C. and the temperature dynamics were subject to the linear trend. An oscillatory component was also present in the temperature dynamics. The annual rainfall ranged 220–761 mm. A coherent change in precipitation and temperature was observed in the period until 2011. After that, the temperature growth stabilized and the amount of precipitation began to fall sharply. The steppe bird community was represented by an extremely small number of species, but demonstrated the ability to maintain a stable structure for a long time. The main fluctuations of the community were quantitative changes in abundance, while the turnover of species was practically absent. Species of the community replace each other cyclically, but there were no targeted changes in community structure. Temperature and precipitation were the main drivers of the bird community in the steppe. The bird communities on salt marshes were characterized by a stable abundance, but a constant directed turnover of species. Reduced water levels and the disappearance of islands in the salt marshes increased the risk of threats from predators, which could lead to a decrease in the abundance of some species. The islands and spits were characterized by high species turnover with quasi-cyclical population dynamics. The main feature of the community dynamics was a decrease in the role of precipitation and an increase in the role of the time factor. The role of temperature remained stably low. The species richness of bird communities in agrarian lands was higher than in steppe communities. The turnover measure was significant because of the increased abundance of Alauda arvensis. Over time, the role of precipitation in the community dynamics has been decreasing and the role of time has been increasing. The value of temperature varied, but was at a stationary level. The turnover of species was compensated by an increase in the abundance of bird communities. The obtained results are in line with findings indicating that despite more stable land use intensities in recent years, climate change has not overtaken land use intensities as the main driver of bird population dynamics.

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“…We collected data for each species’ five functional traits included in the analysis: body mass, dispersal ability, diet, foraging stratum, and habitat specificity. These five traits were chosen because previous studies have indicated that they are related to species abundance or range size across different scales, from local to global ( e.g ., Pigot et al, 2018 ; Valente & Betts, 2019 ; Spake et al, 2020 ). Body mass for all species was gathered from the literature ( Wilman et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition, richness and nestedness of gallery forest bird assemblages in an Amazonian savanna landscape: lessons for conservation

Pandilha

Toledo

Barbosa

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Gallery forests are important to the maintenance of a substantial portion of the biodiversity in neotropical savanna regions, but management guidelines specific to this forest type are limited. Here, we use birds as study group to assess if: (1) functional traits can predict the abundance and occupancy of forest species within a savanna landscape, (2) habitat structures influence the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of forest assemblages, and (3) less diverse gallery forest assemblages are a nested subset of more diverse assemblages living near continuous forests. Then, we propose strategies on how gallery forests can be managed to maintain their species assemblages amidst the fast expansion of human activities across tropical savanna landscapes. We studied 26 sites of gallery forests in an Amazonian savanna landscape and found that: (1) habitat specificity is the only functional trait that predicts species abundance and occupancy across a landscape; (2) phylogenetic diversity is negatively correlated with understory foliage density; (3) the percentage of forests and savannas around sites is positively correlated with both phylogenetic and functional diversity; (4) increasing human activities around gallery forest negatively influences taxonomic and functional diversity; and (5) forest bird assemblages are not distributed at random across the landscape but show a nested pattern caused by selective colonization mediated by habitat filtering. Our combined findings have three implications for the design of conservation strategies for gallery forest bird assemblages. First, maintaining the connectivity between gallery forests and adjacent continuous forests is essential because gallery forest bird assemblages are derived from continuous forest species assemblages. Second, because most species use the savanna matrix to move across the landscape, effectively managing the savanna matrices where gallery forests are embedded is as important to maintaining viable populations of forest bird species as managing the gallery forest themselves. Third, in savanna landscapes planned to be used for agriculture production, protecting gallery forests alone is not enough. Instead, gallery forests should be protected with surrounding savanna buffers to avoid the detrimental effects (edge effects and isolation) of human activities on their biodiversity.

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Regional variability in landscape effects on forest bird communities

Cited by 10 publications

References 105 publications

Effects of human depopulation and warming climate on bird populations in Japan

Effects of human depopulation and warming climate on bird populations in Japan

Time turnover of species in bird communities: the role of landscape diversity and climate change

Composition, richness and nestedness of gallery forest bird assemblages in an Amazonian savanna landscape: lessons for conservation

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