Regionale Muster und Determinanten des Gründungserfolgs

The determinants of job creation and destruction: plant-level evidence for Eastern and Western Germany

“…The existence of still relatively few firms as well as extensive public promotion instruments supported entrepreneurial activities. Hence, unlike in Western Germany, entries were very successful in terms of survival and longer-term employment growth ( Brixy, 1999;Brixy and Grotz, 2004 1999 -2004) (1978 -1998) (1984 -1993) (1979 -1991) (1973 -1992) (1973 -1992) : Stiglbauer et al (2003). Regional coverage: NUTS3-regions (local districts).…”

“…8 Figure 1 plots the job creation and the job destruction rates of the 15 sectors with the highest employment shares in each region against each other. They are labeled with their NACE code (see Table A.2 in the appendix) and grouped according to their affiliation to manufacturing 7 The favourable conditions for start-ups in the early phase of reunification ceased to exist by the middle of the 1990s, and their survival as well as their growth started to lag behind their West German counterparts (see Brixy and Grotz, 2004). Today, as Sternberg et al (2007) note, the reasons for the higher firm formation rates can instead be found in poor labour-market prospects, which promote entrepreneurship out of need (necessity entrepreneurship).…”

The Impact of Functional Integration and Spatial Proximity on the Post-entry Performance of Knowledge Intensive Business Service Firms

“…The few existing studies examining the service sector explicitly (e.g. Almus et al, 2001, 1 These high foundation rates are accompanied also by above-average failure rates (Brixy/Grotz 2004).…”

Determinants of Innovative Activity in Newly Founded Knowledge Intensive Business Service Firms

“…For the acquisition of this type of knowledge, cooperation, trust, communication and face-to face contacts are very important (Howells, 2002). Thus, knowledge intensive business service firms locate mainly in close spatial prox-1 However, the high foundation rates are simultaneously accompanied by above-average failure rates (Brixy/Grotz, 2004). …”

“…6 Malerba and Torrisi's (1992, p. 50) statement that firms "accumulate idiosyncratic capabilities over time" by learning has to be supplemented by the conclusion that capabilities are also "imported" into a new firm (Shane, 2000). These "imported" capabilities, 4 Indeed, at least in Germany, most firms and firm foundations in the KIBS-sector concentrate in the major urban agglomerations (Brixy/Grotz, 2004), where also important potential clients are located. However, the role of proximity may well vary not only from firm to firm, but also between different sub-sectors of the KIBS-sector (Czarnitzki/Spielkamp, 2003).…”