Regionalization, Globalization, and Nationalism: Convergent, Divergent, or Overlapping?

Abstract

This paper examines the interaction among the three forces that shape world politics in the contemporary system: globalization, regionalization, and nationalism. The main thesis suggested here is that these three forces cannot be assessed in isolation, independently from one another, nor from a perspective of either convergence or divergence among them. Rather, globalization, regionalization, and nationalism should be captured and studied as forces relative to and overlapping one another, sometimes antagonistic and sometimes cooperative toward each other but never harmonious. This argument is theoretically relevant both in the context of the world political economy and international security, with special reference to the phenomenon of pluralistic security communities. The Latin American case provides an empirical laboratory to test these theoretical assertions. RESUMENEste artículo examina la interacción entre los tres factores que dan forma a la política mundial en el sistema contemporáneo: la globalización, la regionalización y el nacionalismo. El principal argumento que aquí se sugiere es que el impacto de cada una de estas tres fuerzas no puede ser estimado aisaldamente, separando una de la otra, y tampoco desde una perspectiva de convergencia o divergencia entre estas tres tendencias. Más bien, la globalización, la regionalización y el nacionalismo deberían ser capturados y estudiados como fuerzas superpuestas y relacionadas; a veces de modo antagónico, otras de modo cooperativo, pero nunca armoniosamente. Este argumento es teóricamente relevante tanto en el contexto de la economía política internacional como en el de la seguridad mundial, especialmente con referencia al fenómeno de las comunidades de seguridad pluralistas. En este sentido, el caso de América Latina ofrece un laboratorio empírico para poner a prueba estas afirmaciones teóricas.

Situated Globalization and Racism: An Analysis of Korean High School EFL Textbooks

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