Regioregularity-control of conjugated polymers: from synthesis and properties, to photovoltaic device applications

Kim, Youngkwon; Park, Hyeonjung; Park, Jin Su; Lee, Jin Woo; Kim, Hyeong Jun; Kim, Felix Sunjoo; Kim, Bumjoon J.

doi:10.1039/d1ta08495j

Cited by 38 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…196,214,215 It should be noted that a reduction in P3AT regioregularity shortens persistence lengths, reduces crystallization and interchain interactions, and can therefore transition such rod-coil BCP to coil-coil types. 216,217 Nevertheless, polychalcogenophene crystallization occurs readily at low temperatures, providing competition for other self-assembly pathways. 196,218 In fact, P3AT crystals can extend past their confined phases, and because this phenomenon, termed breakout crystallization, heightens disorder, derived devices suffer from diminished optoelectronic properties.…”

Section: Block Copolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group 16 conjugated polymers based on furan, thiophene, selenophene, and tellurophene

Lotocki

et al. 2022

Chem. Soc. Rev.

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Section: Block Copolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group 16 conjugated polymers based on furan, thiophene, selenophene, and tellurophene

Lotocki

et al. 2022

Chem. Soc. Rev.

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“…RR is a parameter that also determines the balance between the crystalline and amorphous characteristics of polymer films as it affects the packing density of polymer chains. [ 99 ] Therefore, it is expected to have important consequences on the electrical and mechanical properties of thin films.…”

Section: Development and Progress Of F‐soscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material Design and Device Fabrication Strategies for Stretchable Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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Recent advances in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) have greatly enhanced their commercial viability. Considering the technical standards (e.g., mechanical robustness) required for wearable electronics, which are promising application platforms for OSCs, the development of fully stretchable OSCs (f‐SOSCs) should be accelerated. Here, a comprehensive overview of f‐SOSCs, which are aimed to reliably operate under various forms of mechanical stress, including bending and multidirectional stretching, is provided. First, the mechanical requirements of f‐SOSCs, in terms of tensile and cohesion/adhesion properties, are summarized along with the experimental methods to evaluate those properties. Second, essential studies to make each layer of f‐SOSCs stretchable and efficient are discussed, emphasizing strategies to simultaneously enhance the photovoltaic and mechanical properties of the active layer, ranging from material design to fabrication control. Key improvements to the other components/layers (i.e., substrate, electrodes, and interlayers) are also covered. Lastly, considering that f‐SOSC research is in its infancy, the current challenges and future prospects are explored.

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“…High regioregularity (RR) conjugated polymers exhibit good optical and electrical properties but often induce but poor mechanical resilience, and vice versa for the low RR materials. [ 79 ] Therefore, precise RR control is important in the design of conjugated polymers for mechanically robust active layer. Both electrical and mechanical properties can be optimized simultaneously by blending photoactive materials with high and low RR or combining high RR and low RR blocks in one polymer chain.…”

Section: Conclusion/perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Strategies toward Mechanically Robust Organic Photovoltaics: Focus on Active Layer

Yan

Qin

Wang

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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The biggest advantages of OPV to complement with inorganic photovoltaics in the future lie in the flexibility of organic active-layer materials, which not only enables the roll-to-roll processing [21] but also allows the integration of OPV devices in many form factors inaccessible by inorganic devices, such as clothing, portable electronics, agricultural greenhouses, biomedical applications, and extremely flexible and stretchable devices. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] For instance, Someya et al. [34,35] demonstrated washable, stretchable, and lightweight OPVs with a PCE of 7.9% as textile-compatible power sources, which can be used as a long-term power source for wearables, electronic textiles as well as sensors for the Internet of Things. Mechanical stability is required not only for the portable applications mentioned above, which must accommodate strain as a function of operation, but also enable the solar module to withstand the impact, vibration, and other stresses that occur during manufacturing, transportation, and utility-scale applications. For example, to withstand different sorts of mechanical stresses during the coating process (e.g., roll-to-roll printing), a consistent degree of stretchability and flexibility is necessary. Furthermore, steady performance under constant mechanical stress should be ensured to meet the real-world applications of portable and wearable devices. However, the mechanical reliability of OPVs has received far less attention than other aspects of stress and is far from adequate for commercial application.Conjugated polymers for the OPV active layer have intrinsic mechanical deformability, which sets them apart from their inorganic counterparts. The upper limit of PCE and mechanical stability of the overall OPV device would be determined by an appropriate active layer with optimized morphology. In fact, the active-layer system of the state-of-the-art OPVs with PCEs of ≈20% can hardly meet the demands of flexible electronics. Recently, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of mechanical robustness; scientists have reported a variety of conceptual research aimed at mechanically reliable OPVs, making it a hot issue in the field of OPVs.This perspective first classifies the working scenarios of flexible OPVs: static condition (low-frequency large deformations) and dynamic condition (high-frequency small deformations), and then discusses the corresponding strategies toward mechanically robust active layer: improve ductility, strengthen donor/acceptor interfaces, and restrain molecule migration. Afterward, the current achievements in improving the mechanical robustness of active layers are summarized in the aspects Mechanical stability of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is required not just for portable applications, which must accommodate strain as a function of operation, but also for manufacturing, transportation, and utility-scale applications. However, the mechanical reliability of OPVs is often disregarded compared with other stress (thermal, oxyg...

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Regioregularity-control of conjugated polymers: from synthesis and properties, to photovoltaic device applications

Abstract: In the last decade, extensive academic and industrial efforts have been devoted to developing efficient conjugated polymers (CPs) for organic electronics. Specifically, the relationship between the molecular structures, properties, and...

Cited by 38 publications

References 187 publications

Group 16 conjugated polymers based on furan, thiophene, selenophene, and tellurophene

Group 16 conjugated polymers based on furan, thiophene, selenophene, and tellurophene

Material Design and Device Fabrication Strategies for Stretchable Organic Solar Cells

Emerging Strategies toward Mechanically Robust Organic Photovoltaics: Focus on Active Layer

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