Regioselectivity of an arachidonate 9S-lipoxygenase from Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida that biosynthesizes 9S,15S- and 11S,17S-dihydroxy fatty acids from C20 and C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Bacterial lipoxygenases are associated with host-microbe interactions and may provide cross-kingdom host jumps

“…We used ConSurf and additional statistical analysis to find any differences in key residues determining the substrate insertion direction, stereospecificity, and regiospecificity. These residues had been already characterized in papers [153,154]. We have not found any significant differences between studied bacterial lipoxygenases in the terms of insertion-determining residues (probably the "tail first" insertion in all lipoxygenases) and Coffa residue (Ala in all our LOXs, conservation score = 9, which means that all LOXs in our dataset have S-stereospecificity).…”

“…The data for all bacteria included in this statistical analysis are provided in Table S3. The bar at the right shows total binding site bottom volumes of experimentally characterized LOXs [147,[149][150][151][152][153][154] along with their activities. "Human-related" and "plant-related" groups correspond (ω-6)-LOX activity while "marine-related" group is shifted towards (ω-12)-LOX activity.…”

“…Compared with the binding site bottom volumes of experimentally characterized LOXs [147,[149][150][151][152][153][154] (calculated by the same method), the "human-related" and "plant-related" LOX groups appear to correspond to (ω-6)-LOXs. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia thailandensis LOXs (both belonging to the "human/vertebrate" group in our statistics) have total binding site bottom volumes (472.2×10 -3 nm 3 and 475×10 -3 nm 3 , respectively) near to the mean of the "human-related" group.…”

Bacterial lipoxygenases: Biochemical characteristics, molecular structure and potential applications

“…HK-06, Tolypothrix bouteillei, Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida and Pseudomonas sp. 42A2 were reported to have the highest activity towards LA (An et al, 2015;Busquets et al, 2004;Kim et al, 2022;Qi et al, 2020). The activity towards LA has also been reported for LOX from Nostoc sp.…”

“…Similar to plant LOXs, fungal LOXs are mostly active towards LA and ALA (Karrer and Rühl, 2019;Sugio et al, 2018;Wennman et al, 2015;Wennman and Oliw, 2013), except Magnaporthe salvinii LOX, which was reported to be mostly active towards AA, EPA and DHA (Sugio et al, 2018). Bacterial LOXs have been reported to be active towards a broad range of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including LA, ALA, GLA, AA, EPA, DPA and DHA (An et al, 2018a;Deschamps et al, 2016;Goloshchapova et al, 2018;Kim et al, 2022;Kim et al, 2021;Oh et al, 2022;Qi et al, 2020). The wider substrate preference of bacterial LOXs can open a broad range of applications for these enzymes.…”