Registration of TARS‐MST1 and SB‐DT1 Multiple‐Stress‐Tolerant Black Bean Germplasm

Abstract

High-ambient-temperature stress, drought stress, root rot disease, and common bacterial blight [CBB; caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye] cause widespread yield reductions in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) worldwide. TARS-MST1 (Reg. No. GP-284, PI 661512) and SB-DT1 (Reg. No. GP-283, PI 661970) were developed by the USDA-ARS, the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, and the University of Puerto Rico Agricultural Experiment Station. These black bean lines were selected for tolerance to multiple stresses, including tolerance to high ambient temperature and drought. Specifi cally, both lines showed signifi cantly higher yields under heat stress compared with the local check and had comparable yields to both heat-and drought-tolerant controls under those stress conditions. TARS-MST1 possesses resistance to CBB, and both lines are tolerant to root rot diseases. They incorporate exotic sources of stress tolerance, thus serving to diversify U.S. common bean germplasm. The lines were characterized for markers related to Bean common mosaic virus and CBB, and both lines carry the I gene, while TARS-MST1 was positive for the presence of two CBB SCAR markers, SU91 and SAP6. The use of this germplasm in breeding programs can serve to improve the yield and stress tolerance of common bean.

Screening for Heat Tolerance in Phaseolus spp. Using Multiple Methods

“…TB1 and SB776 looked the least damaged and had the highest visual ratings at the end of the experiment (Fig. SB776 performed comparatively well in field trials exposed to heat and drought stress, eventually being released as the germplasm SB-DT1 as a source of abiotic stress tolerance to breeding programs in tropical areas (Porch et al, 2012). These results suggest two different heat tolerance strategies.…”

“…Despite having a more heat-compromised photosynthesis, SB776 was able to regulate reactive oxygen signaling and prevent damage to its cellular membranes, whose fluidity, permeability, and interactions with proteins are all affected by heat stress (Havaux, 1996;Pastenes and Horton, 1996;Bukhov et al, 1999). SB776 performed comparatively well in field trials exposed to heat and drought stress, eventually being released as the germplasm SB-DT1 as a source of abiotic stress tolerance to breeding programs in tropical areas (Porch et al, 2012).…”

Nutritional composition and cooking characteristics of tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius Gray) in comparison with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

“…The tepary bean breeding lines were selected based on adaptation, disease resistance, agronomic characteristics and yield in Puerto Rico and Colorado. Cultivars 'Verano' (Beaver et al 2008) and 'Zorro' (Kelly et al 2009), and the germplasm TARS-MST1 (Porch et al 2012), were included as common bean controls. These three common bean genotypes likely have limited tepary bean introgressions since they all have VAX lines (Singh and Muñoz 1999) in their pedigrees (Table 1), which in turn have tepary accessions G40001 and G40020 in their pedigrees.…”

Identification of sources of resistance to damping-off and early root/hypocotyl damage from Rhizoctonia solani in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

“…The lines NE-25-07-17 and NE-25-07-18 are two pinto bean lines from the Nebraska dry bean breeding program that are drought tolerant with rust resistance genes Ur-3 and Ur-6, earliness, common bacterial blight resistance, and white mold avoidance due to upright plant architecture in addition to the partial resistance to Rhizoctonia damping-off. In the shuttle breeding program, the entry NE14-08-176 released as SB-DT1 (Porch et al, 2012) is a black bean with drought and heat tolerance, common bacterial blight resistance, brown spot resistance and partial resistance to Rhizoctonia damping-off. Another entry with multiple favorable alleles is NE14-08-314, which has the marker SW13 for bean common mosaic virus and the gene Ur-3 for rust resistance.…”