Registration of Two Cotton Germplasm Lines with Resistance to Boll Weevil

McCarthy, J. C.; Jenkins, Johnie N.; Parrott, W. L.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183x002600050067x

Cited by 5 publications

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“…Day‐neutral genes have been introgressed into 97 primitive G. hirsutum race stock accessions by a large backcross breeding program (McCarty et al, 1979; McCarty and Jenkins, 1993). The converted primitive accessions are reservoirs of various genes for resistance to pests such as boll weevil ( Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman) (McCarty et al, 1986), fusarium wilt [ Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.:Fr. f. sp.…”

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Simple Sequence Repeat–Based Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Cotton Race Stock Accessions

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gressed into 97 primitive G. hirsutum race stock accessions by a large backcross breeding program (McCarty Effective use of converted day-neutral Gossypium hirsutum L. et al., 1979;McCarty and Jenkins, 1993). The converted race stocks in cotton genetic improvement programs depends on the extent of genetic variation for desirable alleles and the accurate char-primitive accessions are reservoirs of various genes for acterization of the variability within and among germplasm accessions resistance to pests such as boll weevil (Anthonomus in the collection. This study was conducted to survey the molecular grandis grandis Boheman) (McCarty et al., 1986), fuvariation in the converted race stock collection by using simple sesarium wilt [Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.:Fr. f. sp. quence repeat (SSR) DNA markers and to determine the genetic vasinfectum (Atk.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hans.], and distance of each race stock from a typical G. hirsutum cultigen. The tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beaumolecular marker data will also provide a measure of the degree to vois) (Jenkins et al., 1979). Introgression can be which the recurrent photoperiodic parent has been recovered during achieved without serious losses in agronomic perforbackcross conversion to day-neutral stocks. Fifty-six flourescently lamance (McCarty et al., 1996). beled SSR primer pairs arranged in multiplex bins were used to geno-Photoperiodic collections of other tetraploid Gossyptype 97 day-neutral BC 4 F 4 race stock accessions. The majority of the accessions had genetic distances Ͻ0.25 from the G. hirsutum standard ium species exist. DeJoodie and Wendel (1992) charac-TM1. There was strong evidence that the accessions were heterozy-terized the diversity of G. tomentosum Nutt. ex Seem, gous or heterogeneous, so 10 plants were genotyped within the most G. mustelinum Miers ex Watt, and G. darwinii Watt diverse nine accessions, those with genetic distance from TM1 Ͼ0.25.relative to G. barbadense L. and G. hirsutum. Unfortu-In some families, the primitive photoperiodic parent was recovered, nately, day-neutral versions of these tetraploid species and in others there was extensive linkage drag from the day-neutral

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Simple Sequence Repeat–Based Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Cotton Race Stock Accessions

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“…Two cotton germplasm lines, MWR-1 and MWR-2, which carry resistance to the boll weevil, were developed and released (McCarty et al, 1986b). MWR-1 and MWR-2 were derived from the primitive G. hirsutum accessions T-326 and T-1180, respectively.…”

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History of USDA-ARS Cotton Host Plant Resistance and Breeding Research at Mississippi State, MS

McCarty¹,

Jenkins²,

Saha³

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Cotton host plant resistance research was initiated with the establishment of the Boll Weevil Research Laboratory in 1960. Laboratory objectives were to conduct research and develop technology that ultimately could be used to eradicate the boll weevil. Early research concentrated on developing techniques and screening germplasm for resistance. A full-scale boll weevil eradication trial began in southern Virginia and eastern North Carolina in 1978 and after initial success the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service established an eradication program. This led the host plant resistance program to broaden its research into other pests of cotton. During the 1980s, research continued to focus on tarnished plant bug, tobacco budworm, expanding the genetic diversity of cotton, basic genetic and cotton breeding studies. With the development of field infestation techniques for the tobacco budworm, in the 1990s the research team conducted the first field test of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic cotton for resistance. During this time, root-knot nematode research expanded. Cotton fruiting efficiency and distribution of harvestable bolls and the concept of plant mapping were developed. During the 2000s, research expanded with the use of chromosome substitution lines for the introgression of new alleles into Upland cotton. Nematode research remained active during this time. To date, the research program has developed and released more than 800 germplasm lines and four random-mating populations. Scientists in the program have trained more than 60 graduate students and countless others have been mentored. The full impact of the research team will only be revealed with time.

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