Regrowth of a Semiarid Shrub Following Simulated Browsing: The Role of Reserve Carbon

Heyden, F. van der; Stock, William D.

doi:10.2307/2390175

Cited by 55 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…On the other hand, newly established willow cuttings with little leaf, stem and root biomass at the time of summer clipping were not able to compensate for biomass losses. Further shoot growth will depend on the amount of carbohydrates that can be mobilised, by photosyntesis or in carbohydrate reserves (Paige and Whitham 1987, van der Heyden and Stock 1996, Tiffin 2000. Severe summer defoliation decreases an important source of carbohydrates (the leaves); a more indirect effect is the increase in fine root mortality, leading to a decrease in nutrient absorption (Bryant et al 1991, Houle andSimard 1996).…”

Section: Effect Of Browsing Season On Willow Regrowthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensatory growth of fast‐growing willow (Salix) coppice in response to simulated large herbivore browsing

Guillet¹,

Bergström²

2006

Oikos

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R. 2006. Compensatory growth of fast-growing willow (Salix ) coppice in response to simulated large herbivore browsing. Á/ Oikos 113: 33 Á/42.We tested the effect of timing and intensity of deer browsing on compensatory response by willow grown for bioenergy. Browsing was simulated several times during summer and once during winter. The clipping was done at different intensities during the first year after establishment in a new willow plantation, and during the first year after harvest in an older willow coppice. Total aboveground biomass and biomass available for deer browsing were recorded both at the end of the first and the second growing periods after clipping. Both in the new plantation and in the older coppice, the willows fully compensated for biomass losses after winter clipping, irrespective of clipping intensity. On the other hand, total biomass production usually decreased after highintensity summer clipping. Such a seasonal difference may be explained by the nutrition of remaining buds after clipping. In the new willow plantation, total produced biomass after summer clipping still bottomed at about 50% of the level of control stools at the end of the experiment. In the older coppice, usual browsing levels by deer in summer, roughly corresponding to the moderate clipping intensities used in this experiment, did not influence total produced biomass. The newly established willow stools reacted to summer clipping by undercompensating in terms of biomass available for deer browsing, while older stools could overcompensate. Compared to stools clipped in late summer, willow stools clipped during early summer were able to compensate earlier and stronger. The higher the proportion of twig biomass removed by summer clipping, the lower the compensatory growth by willow. Depending on the circumstances, the fast-growing willows responded within the whole continuum from under-to overcompensation, and some implications for the management of willow plantations and large herbivores are discussed.

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Section: Effect Of Browsing Season On Willow Regrowthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensatory growth of fast‐growing willow (Salix) coppice in response to simulated large herbivore browsing

Guillet¹,

Bergström²

2006

Oikos

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“…Nevertheless, the response of yield to leaf removal levels differs greatly [12]. When plants are injured after artificial defoliation, eaten by animals or pests, the leaf area decrease thereafter [13, 14], however residual organs have a compensating effect when the photosynthetic organs injured above a certain threshold level [15, 16]. The effect (negative, positive, or zero) of source-reducing on plants growth depends on the frequency and intensity of defoliation [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and proteome studies of maize (Zea mays L.) in response to leaf removal under high plant density

et al. 2018

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BackgroundUnder high plant density, intensifying competition among individual plants led to overconsumption of energy and nutrients and resulted in an almost dark condition in the lower strata of the canopy, which suppressed the photosynthetic potential of the shaded leaves. Leaf removal could help to ameliorate this problem and increase crop yields. To reveal the mechanism of leaf removal in maize, tandem mass tags label-based quantitative analysis coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry were used to capture the differential protein expression profiles of maize subjected to the removal of the two uppermost leaves (S2), the four uppermost leaves (S4), and with no leaf removal as control (S0).ResultsExcising leaves strengthened the light transmission rate of the canopy and increased the content of malondialdehyde, whereas decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. Two leaves removal increased the photosynthetic capacity of ear leaves and the grain yield significantly, whereas S4 decreased the yield markedly. Besides, 239 up-accumulated proteins and 99 down-accumulated proteins were identified between S2 and S0, which were strongly enriched into 30 and 23 functional groups; 71 increased proteins and 42 decreased proteins were identified between S4 and S0, which were strongly enriched into 22 and 23 functional groups, for increased and decreased proteins, respectively.ConclusionsDifferent defoliation levels had contrastive effects on maize. The canopy light transmission rate was strengthened and proteins related to photosynthetic electron-transfer reaction were up-regulated significantly for treatment S2, which improved the leaf photosynthetic capacity, and obtained a higher grain yield consequently. In contrast, S4 decreased the grain yield and increased the expressions of proteins and genes associated with fatty acid metabolism. Besides, both S2 and S4 exaggerated the defensive response of maize in physiological and proteomic level. Although further studies are required, the results in our study provide new insights to the further improvement in maize grain yield by leaf removal.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-018-1607-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Stems are thought to be the primary source of nonstructural carbohydrates (TNCs) in plants (Barton, 2016;Myers & Kitajima, 2007;Willaume & Pagès, 2011). Less partitioning to stems indicates the utilization of TNCs (Chapin & McNaughton, 1989;Van Der Heyden & Stock, 1996) and reduces the limitation caused by transfer of resources from undamaged areas to damaged areas in longer stems. Divergence in the relationship between biomass partitioning and herbivory tolerance is also due to differences in environmental factors, life forms, conditions, and indicators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of allometric partitioning on herbivory tolerance in four species in South China

Fan

Chen

Liao

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Herbivory tolerance can offset the negative effects of herbivory on plants and plays an important role in both immigration and population establishment. Biomass reallocation is an important potential mechanism of herbivory tolerance. To understand how biomass allocation affects plant herbivory tolerance, it is necessary to distinguish the biomass allocations resulting from environmental gradients or plant growth. There is generally a tight balance between the amounts of biomass invested in different organs, which must be analyzed by means of an allometric model. The allometric exponent is not affected by individual growth and can reflect the changes in biomass allocation patterns of different parts. Therefore, the allometric exponent was chosen to study the relationship between biomass allocation pattern and herbivory tolerance. We selected four species (Wedelia chinensis, Wedelia trilobata, Merremia hederacea, and Mikania micrantha), two of which are invasive species and two of which are accompanying native species, and established three herbivory levels (0%, 25% and 50%) to compare differences in allometry. The biomass allocation in stems was negatively correlated with herbivory tolerance, while that in leaves was positively correlated with herbivory tolerance. Furthermore, the stability of the allometric exponent was related to tolerance, indicating that plants with the ability to maintain their biomass allocation patterns are more tolerant than those without this ability, and the tendency to allocate biomass to leaves rather than to stems or roots helps increase this tolerance. The allometric exponent was used to remove the effects of individual development on allocation pattern, allowing the relationship between biomass allocation and herbivory tolerance to be more accurately explored. This research used an allometric model to fit the nonlinear process of biomass partitioning during the growth and development of plants and provides a new understanding of the relationship between biomass allocation and herbivory tolerance.

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Regrowth of a Semiarid Shrub Following Simulated Browsing: The Role of Reserve Carbon

Cited by 55 publications

References 17 publications

Compensatory growth of fast‐growing willow (Salix) coppice in response to simulated large herbivore browsing

Compensatory growth of fast‐growing willow (Salix) coppice in response to simulated large herbivore browsing

Physiological and proteome studies of maize (Zea mays L.) in response to leaf removal under high plant density

The effect of allometric partitioning on herbivory tolerance in four species in South China

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