Regular endurance exercise improves the diminished hepatic carnitine status in mice fed a high‐fat diet

Ringseis, Robert; Mooren, Frank-Christoph; Keller, Janine; Couturier, Aline; Wen, Gaiping; Hirche, Frank; Stangl, Gabriele I.; Eder, Klaus; Krüger, Karsten

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201100040

Cited by 37 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This was likely related to an increased uptake since the mRNA of the carnitine transporter Slc22a5/OCTN2 was acutely upregulated. Previously, regular training has been shown to reverse a high-fat diet-induced reduction in hepatic carnitine concentrations by upregulating carnitine transporter and biosynthetic enzymes in mice 38 . Our results indicate that at least acutely, the increase in hepatic carnitine is caused by physical exercise per se and does not depend on secondary effects of training such as weight loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle- and liver-specific alterations in lipid and acylcarnitine metabolism after a single bout of exercise in mice

Hoene¹,

Li²,

Häring³

et al. 2015

Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intracellular lipid pools are highly dynamic and tissue-specific. Physical exercise is a strong physiologic modulator of lipid metabolism, but most studies focus on changes induced by long-term training. To assess the acute effects of endurance exercise, mice were subjected to one hour of treadmill running, and 13 C 16 -palmitate was applied to trace fatty acid incorporation in soleus and gastrocnemius muscle and liver. The amounts of carnitine, FFA, lysophospholipids and diacylglycerol and the post-exercise increase in acetylcarnitine were pronouncedly higher in soleus than in gastrocnemius. In the liver, exercise increased the content of lysophospholipids, plasmalogens and carnitine as well as transcript levels of the carnitine transporter.13 C 16 -palmitate was detectable in several lipid and acylcarnitine species, with pronounced levels of tracer-derived palmitoylcarnitine in both muscles and a strikingly high incorporation into triacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine in the liver. These data illustrate the high lipid storing activity of the liver immediately after exercise whereas in muscle, fatty acids are directed towards oxidation. The observed muscle-specific differences accentuate the need for singlemuscle analyses as well as careful consideration of the particular muscle employed when studying lipid metabolism in mice. In addition, our results reveal that lysophospholipids and plasmalogens, potential lipid signalling molecules, are acutely regulated by physical exercise.Certain lipids such as ceramides, diacylglycerols, and acylcarnitines have been shown to activate intracellular signalling cascades and to regulate metabolic pathways [1][2][3][4] . Intracellular accumulation of these lipids in liver and skeletal muscle is frequently related to a chronic inflammatory state and to the development of metabolic diseases 5,6 . However, lipid bioactivity per se is a physiological event and it is only the deregulated production and storage of lipids that leads to a non-physiological activation of signalling pathways 7 . Physical exercise induces tissue-specific alterations in substrate supply and utilization that are evident as increased turnover of fatty acids 8 and elevated levels of acylcarnitines 9 . Previous studies addressed the hepatic lipid response to long-term training 10 or the exercise-dependent regulation of the intramyocellular triglyceride pools in skeletal muscle 11 , but the acute regulation of other lipid species by one bout of exercise is less well understood. Thus, changes in the levels of individual lipid signaling molecules could play a role in the acute response to physiological challenges that affect lipid metabolism.While it is reasonable to expect differences in the regulation of lipid species between organs such as liver and muscle, less attention is usually paid to the distinct metabolism of individual skeletal muscles. Muscles contain different myofibres with specific metabolic and contractile properties. The main classification for different types of muscle fibres is into "slow"...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle- and liver-specific alterations in lipid and acylcarnitine metabolism after a single bout of exercise in mice

Hoene¹,

Li²,

Häring³

et al. 2015

Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The higher expression of PPAR␣ in the liver of the HFD group compared with the SD study group (Fig. 12) may result from increased free fatty acids and insulin resistance as demonstrated in wild-type and PPAR␣-null mice fed an HFD (40,56). Nonetheless, PPAR␣ and PPAR␥ expression significantly increased in rats that received AGM compared with control animals (Fig.…”

Section: Contribution Of the Present Investigation To Understanding Tmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Although dietary supplementation of Car may attenuate these metabolic disorders (40), the effectiveness of Car intervention may be limited due to malfunction of Car transporters in obesity and HFD (16,40,56). Therefore, the demonstration that AGM up-regulates genes responsible for Car biosynthesis and transport (Figs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular and Metabolic Influence of Long Term Agmatine Consumption

Nissim

Horyn

Daikhin

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:Little is known about the molecular and metabolic impact of agmatine consumption. Results: We scrutinized the impact of long term agmatine treatment on whole body metabolic profiling and gene expression in rats. Agmatine elevated [cAMP] and triggered widespread changes in gene expression and metabolomic profiling. Conclusion: Agmatine influences on metabolism may be mediated via cAMP-PKA. Significance: Agmatine may curtail the metabolic and hormonal derangements associated with obesity.

show abstract

“…In addition, a number of studies suggest that exercise stimulates fatty acid oxidation in the gastrocnemius muscle of mice (16,(25)(26)(27)(28). Therefore, we finally examined the effects of ESG and exercise on the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes in the gastrocnemius muscle in HFD-fed mice (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

Tamura

Honda

Morinaga

et al. 2017

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe combination of diet and exercise is the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome. We previously reported that enzymatically synthesized glycogen (ESG) suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in obese rats. However, the effect of the combination of ESG and exercise on abdominal fat accumulation has not yet been investigated. Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise. Treadmill exercise was performed for 3 wk (25 m/ min, 30 min/d, 3 d/wk) after 5-d adaption to running at that speed. Both ESG and exercise significantly reduced the weights of abdominal adipose tissues. In addition, the combination of ESG and exercise significantly suppressed abdominal fat accumulation, suggesting that ESG and exercise showed an additive effect. Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARd), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle. On the other hand, dietary ESG significantly decreased the mRNA levels of PPARd and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle. These results suggest that the combined treatment of ESG and exercise effectively suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice by different mechanisms.

show abstract

Regular endurance exercise improves the diminished hepatic carnitine status in mice fed a high‐fat diet

Abstract: These findings indicate that regular EE reverses an HF diet-induced impairment of hepatic carnitine content by stimulating hepatic carnitine synthesis and uptake.

Cited by 37 publications

References 38 publications

Muscle- and liver-specific alterations in lipid and acylcarnitine metabolism after a single bout of exercise in mice

Muscle- and liver-specific alterations in lipid and acylcarnitine metabolism after a single bout of exercise in mice

The Molecular and Metabolic Influence of Long Term Agmatine Consumption

Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About