Regular hexagonal MoS2 microflakes grown from MoO3 precursor

Two-dimensional materials have become a major focus in materials chemistry research worldwide with substantial efforts centered on synthesis, property characterization, and technological application. These high-aspect ratio sheet-like solids come in a wide array of chemical compositions, crystal phases, and physical forms, and are anticipated to enable a host of future technologies in areas that include electronics, sensors, coatings, barriers, energy storage and conversion, and biomedicine. A parallel effort has begun to understand the biological and environmental interactions of synthetic nanosheets, both to enable the biomedical developments and to ensure human health and safety for all application fields. This review covers the most recent literature on the biological responses to 2D materials and also draws from older literature on natural lamellar minerals to provide additional insight into the essential chemical behaviors. The article proposes a framework for more systematic investigation of biological behavior in the future, rooted in fundamental materials chemistry and physics. That framework considers three fundamental interaction modes: (i) chemical interactions and phase transformations, (ii) electronic and surface redox interactions, and (iii) physical and mechanical interactions that are unique to near-atomically-thin, high-aspect-ratio solids. Two-dimensional materials are shown to exhibit a wide range of behaviors, which reflect the diversity in their chemical compositions, and many are expected to undergo reactive dissolution processes that will be key to understanding their behaviors and interpreting biological response data. The review concludes with a series of recommendations for high-priority research subtopics at the “bio-nanosheet” interface that we hope will enable safe and successful development of technologies related to two-dimensional nanomaterials.

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“…23, 39, 40 An excellent review of the current state of the art can be found in Chhowalla et al . 15 In a typical vapor-phase process (Fig.…”

Section: Fabrication Methods Processing and Exposure Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and environmental interactions of emerging two-dimensional nanomaterials

Wang¹,

Zhu²,

Qiu³

et al. 2016

Chem. Soc. Rev.

241

210

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“…The large-area growth of highly uniform MoS 2 will enable the batch fabrication of atomically thin devices and circuitry. Currently, most works start with solid state precursors of molybdenum, such as MoO 3 [46,47] or Mo [48]. If the Mo precursors are not vaporized in the process, often the technique is also called sulfurization [46][47][48].…”

Section: Chemical Vapor Deposition (Cvd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, most works start with solid state precursors of molybdenum, such as MoO 3 [46,47] or Mo [48]. If the Mo precursors are not vaporized in the process, often the technique is also called sulfurization [46][47][48]. Typical S precursors are H 2 S gas [49] or vaporized S [46][47][48]50].…”

Section: Chemical Vapor Deposition (Cvd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the Mo precursors are not vaporized in the process, often the technique is also called sulfurization [46][47][48]. Typical S precursors are H 2 S gas [49] or vaporized S [46][47][48]50]. It is argued that using MoCl 5 precursors are easier to achieve monolayer MoS 2 over large area [50].…”

Section: Chemical Vapor Deposition (Cvd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is argued that using MoCl 5 precursors are easier to achieve monolayer MoS 2 over large area [50]. Earlier, the MoS 2 could be noncontinuous [47], which is not a big problem nowadays. The usual growth temperatures are 700-1000 • C, and the inclusion of a metal catalyst such as Au is favorable for the film quality [49].…”

Section: Chemical Vapor Deposition (Cvd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis Methods of Two-Dimensional MoS2: A Brief Review

et al. 2017

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Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) is one of the most important two-dimensional materials after graphene. Monolayer MoS 2 has a direct bandgap (1.9 eV) and is potentially suitable for post-silicon electronics. Among all atomically thin semiconductors, MoS 2 's synthesis techniques are more developed. Here, we review the recent developments in the synthesis of hexagonal MoS 2 , where they are categorized into top-down and bottom-up approaches. Micromechanical exfoliation is convenient for beginners and basic research. Liquid phase exfoliation and solutions for chemical processes are cheap and suitable for large-scale production; yielding materials mostly in powders with different shapes, sizes and layer numbers. MoS 2 films on a substrate targeting high-end nanoelectronic applications can be produced by chemical vapor deposition, compatible with the semiconductor industry. Usually, metal catalysts are unnecessary. Unlike graphene, the transfer of atomic layers is omitted. We especially emphasize the recent advances in metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and atomic layer deposition, where gaseous precursors are used. These processes grow MoS 2 with the smallest building-blocks, naturally promising higher quality and controllability. Most likely, this will be an important direction in the field. Nevertheless, today none of those methods reproducibly produces MoS 2 with competitive quality. There is a long way to go for MoS 2 in real-life electronic device applications.

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Chemical Doping Effects on CVD‐Grown Multilayer MoSe₂ Transistor

Yoo

Hong

Moon

et al. 2018

Adv Elect Materials

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Multilayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) potentially provide opportunities for large‐area electronics, including flexible displays and wearable sensors. However, most TMDs suffer from a Schottky barrier (SB) and nonuniform defects, which severely limit their electrical performances. Here, a novel chemical doping scheme is presented using poly‐(diketopyrrolopyrrole‐terthiophene) (PDPP3T) to compensate the defects and SB of multilayer molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2), exhibiting greatly enhanced electrical characteristics, including on‐current (≈2000‐fold higher) and photoresponsivity (≈10‐fold larger) over the baseline MoSe2 device. Based on comprehensive analysis using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and near‐edge X‐ray absorption of fine structure, it is shown that two mechanisms (dipole‐induced and charge‐transfer doping effects) account for such enhancements in the multilayer MoSe2 device. The methodical generality of the strong n‐doping behavior of multilayer MoSe2 is further demonstrated by applying thiophene instead of PDPP3T.

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Regular hexagonal MoS2 microflakes grown from MoO3 precursor

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Biological and environmental interactions of emerging two-dimensional nanomaterials

Biological and environmental interactions of emerging two-dimensional nanomaterials

Synthesis Methods of Two-Dimensional MoS2: A Brief Review

Chemical Doping Effects on CVD‐Grown Multilayer MoSe₂ Transistor

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Regular hexagonal MoS2 microflakes grown from MoO3 precursor

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Biological and environmental interactions of emerging two-dimensional nanomaterials

Biological and environmental interactions of emerging two-dimensional nanomaterials

Synthesis Methods of Two-Dimensional MoS2: A Brief Review

Chemical Doping Effects on CVD‐Grown Multilayer MoSe2 Transistor

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Product

Resources

About

Chemical Doping Effects on CVD‐Grown Multilayer MoSe₂ Transistor