Regularities of separate and combined effects of circularly polarized millimeter waves on E. coli cells at different phases of culture growth

Nonthermal effects of extremely high-frequency microwaves on chromatin conformation in cells in vivo-dependence on physical, physiological, and genetic factors

“…Usually, this dependence had an initial phase of increase in the MMW effect. This phase was about 100 min [24], [26] and followed by the phase, which was close to a plateau. The plateau lasted around 100 min [26].…”

“…The plateau lasted around 100 min [26]. A trend to decrease in effect was observed at longer times up to 300 min [24]. Significant changes in AVTD were observed when rat thymocytes were lyzed in between 30-60 min after exposure to MMWs [27].…”

“…Since the experimentally determined half-width of resonance was in the order of 1 MHz [28], background PD was estimated as 10 -10 W/cm within the resonance. The MMW effects were observed at these PD in experiments with E. coli cells [24], [26], [28], [29]. The data suggested that the PD dependence of MMW effect might not have a threshold.…”

“…Unexpectedly, the same circular polarization was more effective if the cells were exposed to MMWs both before and after X-irradiation (Table II). The combined exposure of cells to MMWs at different CP resulted in nonadditive effects [24]. This nonadditivity was explained in terms that each CP stimulated transitions of certain DNA sequences into a form of a corresponding helicity, but the subsequent exposure to MMWs at another polarization might affect this process.…”

“…In our investigations, E. coli cells were exposed to CP or linearly polarized MMWs (100 W/cm at the resonance frequencies, i.e., 41.32 or 51.76 GHz [24], [26]. Both value and direction of the MMW effects strongly depended on the phase of culture growth.…”