Regulated and Unregulated Forms of Cortisol Reactivity: A Dual Vulnerability Model

Robinson, Michael D.; Ode, Scott; Hilmert, Clayton J.

doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3182099deb

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(63 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A study using combination of different measurement paradigms found that cortisol reactivity and task-switching costs interacted to predict worry, but higher task-switching costs alone did not predict worry (Robinson, Ode, & Hilmert, 2011).…”

Section: Other Studies: Selective Attention and Worrymentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the relationship between rigidity/flexibility and transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioral processes that maintain psychopathology

Morris

Mansell

2018

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An ever-growing number of transdiagnostic processes that maintain psychopathology across disorders have been identified. However, such processes are not consistently associated with psychological distress and symptoms. An understanding of what makes such processes pathological is required. One possibility is that individual differences in rigidity in the implementation of these processes determine the degree of psychopathology. The aim of this article is to examine the relationship between rigidity/flexibility and transdiagnostic maintenance processes. Initial searches were made for research examining relationships between 18 transdiagnostic processes and rigidity/flexibility. Relationships between rumination, perfectionism, impulsivity and compulsivity, and rigidity/flexibility were systemically reviewed; 50 studies met inclusion criteria. The majority of studies indicated that transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioral maintenance processes and rigidity were correlated, co-occurring, or predictive of each other. Findings are consistent with the hypothesis that it is inflexibility in the manner in which processes are employed that makes them pathologically problematic. However, further research is required to test and establish this.

show abstract

Section: Other Studies: Selective Attention and Worrymentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the relationship between rigidity/flexibility and transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioral processes that maintain psychopathology

Morris

Mansell

2018

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Results vary across studies, but generally speaking, acute stressors are associated with hyper-responsiveness of the HPA axis and higher cortisol levels, whereas hypo-responsiveness and lower cortisol levels may be seen as a consequence of chronic stress and overstimulation of the axis (Fries, Hesse, Hellhammer, & Hellhammer, 2005; Gunnar, Fisher, & Early Experience, Stress, and Prevention Network, 2006; Gunnar & Vazquez, 2001). A “dual-vulnerability” theory has also been supported, wherein individuals with multiple vulnerabilities, such as altered stress reactivity and impaired cognitive functioning, may be especially prone to later problems in everyday living (Robinson, Ode, & Hilmert, 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysregulation of the cortisol diurnal rhythm following prenatal alcohol exposure and early life adversity

McLachlan

Rasmussen

Oberlander

et al. 2016

Alcohol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is impacted by a multitude of pre- and postnatal factors. Developmental programming of HPA axis function by prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) has been demonstrated in animal models and in human infants, but remains understudied in older children and adolescents. Moreover, early life adversity (ELA), which occurs at higher rates in children with PAE than in non-exposed children, may also play a role in programming the HPA or stress response system. In a cohort of children and adolescents with PAE and ELA (PAE + ELA), we evaluated HPA function through assessment of diurnal cortisol activity compared to that in typically developing controls, as well as the associations among specific ELAs, adverse outcomes, protective factors, and diurnal cortisol. Morning and evening saliva samples were taken under basal conditions from 42 children and adolescents (5–18 years) with PAE + ELA and 43 typically developing controls. High rates of ELA were shown among children with PAE, and significantly higher evening cortisol levels and a flatter diurnal slope were observed in children with PAE + ELA, compared to controls. Medication use in the PAE + ELA group was associated with lower morning cortisol levels, which were comparable to controls. Complex associations were found among diurnal cortisol patterns in the PAE + ELA group and a number of ELAs and later adverse outcomes, whereas protective factors were associated with more typical diurnal rhythms. These results complement findings from research on human infants and animal models showing dysregulated HPA function following PAE, lending weight to the suggestion that PAE and ELA may interact to sensitize the developing HPA axis. The presence of protective factors may buffer altered cortisol regulation, underscoring the importance of early assessment and interventions for children with FASD, and in particular, for the many children with FASD who also have ELA.

show abstract

“…Stress on its own does not have any damaging effect on an individual; however individuals' assessment of an event, their perceptions and interpretations give meaning and their coping ability determines whether events are viewed as threatening or positive. Personality traits also influence individual reaction to stress because what may be strenuous to one person may be stimulating to another [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The way that an individual views and processes stress determines how much stress is felt and how close the person is to burnout. Perceptions of job stress and burnout are not just a product of work conditions because not all workers, exposed to the same conditions, develop burnout or perceive stress [3]. An individual can be exposed to few stressors but be unable to process the stress well and thus experience burnout.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Work Environment on Level of Work Stress and Burnout among Nurses in a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria

Ojekou¹,

Odetola²

2015

OJN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nurses' roles expose them to a lot of stress based upon the physical labour, exposure to human suffering, lengthy work hours, poor staffing, and interpersonal relationships that are central to the work they do. Nurses are expected to deliver humane, empathetic, culturally-sensitive and proficient care in working environments with limited resources and increasing responsibilities. Such imbalance between providing high quality care with limited resources leads to physical and mental stress. This stressful nature of nursing can ultimately lead to job dissatisfaction and burnout which among health care providers are important issues since they affect turnover rates, staff retention and ultimately the quality of patient care. A thoroughly validated self developed questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.78 was used to explore the effect of work environment on the level of work stress and burnout among nurses. A purposive sampling technique was utilized

show abstract

Regulated and Unregulated Forms of Cortisol Reactivity: A Dual Vulnerability Model

Abstract: The findings support the dual vulnerability model proposed and are discussed from temperamental, health risk, and daily outcome perspectives. These findings indicate that cortisol is a risk factor, particularly when combined with deficiencies in task-switching.

Cited by 5 publications

References 56 publications

A systematic review of the relationship between rigidity/flexibility and transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioral processes that maintain psychopathology

A systematic review of the relationship between rigidity/flexibility and transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioral processes that maintain psychopathology

Dysregulation of the cortisol diurnal rhythm following prenatal alcohol exposure and early life adversity

Effect of Work Environment on Level of Work Stress and Burnout among Nurses in a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About