Regulating proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts on poly(l-lactide)/gelatin composite nanofibers via timed biomineralization

Abstract

Mimicking the natural bone extracellular matrix, biomineralized nanofibers are envisioned as good choices for bone regeneration. Herein, composite nanofibers composed of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and gelatin (50/50, w/w) were electrospun and soaked in a modified five times simulated body fluid (SBF) for 6-24 h. Along with the soaking time, the amounts of deposited minerals increased, and the minerals transformed from dicalcium phosphate dehydrate (DCPD) to hydroxyapatite (HA). Mineral dissolution and Ca(2+) ion release of these biomineralized nanofibers were investigated by putting them in deionized water or Hank's balanced salt solution. MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were cultured in transwell chambers without contacting the materials or on the biomineralized nanofibers directly. In the noncontact culture, the released ions were found able to enhance osteogenic differentiation more significantly in comparison with cell proliferation. In the contact culture, all biomineralized nanofibers demonstrated strong ability in promoting both cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Due to the fast dissolution of DCPD, the biomineralized nanofibers obtained from short SBF soaking was found to be inferior in enhancing osteogenic differentiation. Whereas the cells displayed high levels of alkaline phosphatase activity and collagen I synthesis when the material had abundant deposition of apatite. The results revealed that cell biological behaviors were synergistically influenced by the ionic dissolution products, the composition, and the morphology of biomineralized nanofibers, which could be regulated by timed biomineralization. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1968-1980, 2016.

Comparison of Different Approaches to Surface Functionalization of Biodegradable Polycaprolactone Scaffolds

“…In a number of studies, more concentrated SBF was utilized. For example, Zhang et al [12] used five times SBF (5× SBF) to cause rapid mineral deposition on the surface of poly L-lactide PLLA/gelatin composite nanofibers to avoid possible nanofiber degradation during biomineralization. The highly supersaturated 5× SBF was continuously bubbled with carbon dioxide to keep the solution transparent throughout the experiment.…”

Surface Modification of PLA Nanofibers for Coating with Calcium Phosphate

“…al. was able to confirm that PLLA/gelatin composite nanofibers provide nucleation sites for calcium phosphate deposition [3]. Thus, in this paper, effect of VUV irradiation for calcium phosphate nucleation was briefly investigated by comparing with mixing PLLA and gelatin.…”

“…Thus, the material design for scaffolds has been an important objective in tissue engineering. Currently, scaffold research has focused on the design of organicinorganic composites to regenerate bone defects because bone tissue comprises ~70 wt% inorganic components (mainly HAp) and ~30 wt% organic components (mainly type-1 collagen) [2][3][4][5]. The organic materials used for scaffolds are typically two types of biodegradable polymers: natural polymers, such as polysaccharides (starch, alginate, chitin/chitosan, hyaluronic acid derivatives) or proteins (soy, collagen, fibrin gels, silk); or synthetic polymers, such as poly lactic acid (PLA), poly glycolic acid (PGA), poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), poly hydroxybutyrate (PHB) [6,7].…”

Cytocompatibility testing of hydrogels toward bioprinting of mesenchymal stem cells

“…It is well known that hydroxyapatite (HA), a natural component of bone tissue, shows many positive effects on osteoblasts and MSCs, supports bone regeneration and thereby represents an excellent scaffold material for bone tissue engineering applications . In this context, it was shown in the literature that HA supports proliferation of osteoblasts and MSCs, either by its own or in combination with other osteoinductive materials . Moreover, it is also well established that HA supports osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro , as well as in vivo .…”

“…14 In this context, it was shown in the literature that HA supports proliferation of osteoblasts and MSCs, either by its own or in combination with other osteoinductive materials. [15][16][17][18] Moreover, it is also well established that HA supports osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro, as well as in vivo. 15,[19][20][21] For these reasons, we investigated the effects of HA inclusion into collagen and fibrin on the above mentioned biological parameters and on the physicochemical characteristics of the hydrogels.…”