“…In the rotary switches, where the axle is a C=N bond, the proton is transferred between oxygen atoms belonging either to β-dicarbonyl groups ( 2 in Scheme 2 as an example) [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] or 4-hydroxycoumarin [ 29 , 30 , 31 ], or proton transfer proceeds between oxygen and nitrogen in the switches designed by Aprahamian et al [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. The rotary switches operate mainly in ground state through acid/base catalyzed tautomerism [ 32 ].…”