Regulation as a means for the social control of technology

Environmental Regulation, Government R&D Funding and Green Technology Innovation: Evidence from China Provincial Data

“…Therefore, compared with the traditional technology innovation, green technology innovation emphasizes the restriction of green environmental protection, non-pollution, low energy consumption, recyclability, and cleanness. Green technology innovation can be divided into green product innovation and green technological innovation according to the division of enterprise production activities [3]. In essence, green technology innovation is the R&D and application of energy-saving and emission reduction technology.…”

“…In this regard, green technology innovation is the key to get out of this "strange circle". Ernest Braun et al (1994) suggested that green technology is a generic term for technologies, processes, or products that reduce environmental pollution and the consumption of energy and raw materials [3]. More specifically, it focuses on policy to promote innovation that reduces environmental impacts through waste minimization, thus moving us toward the goal of a minimal waste society.…”

A multi-criteria approach toward discovering killer IoT application in Korea

“…The three forces have huge impacts on business activities, and they influence each other and interact dynamically (Jaffe et al, 2005;Braun and Wield, 1994;Willey, 1982). In other words, development, diffusion, and performance of an IoT application, as a technological product or service, will be highly dependent on market factors, regulatory environment, and technology itself, as well as their interaction.…”

Setting its own standards and meeting those standards: voluntarism versus regulation in environmental reporting

“…A defensible alternative view is that regulation plays a necessary role in two ways. Firstly, it is argued that regulation 'substitutes for market demands that cannot be formulated in other than political ways', for instance because consumers cannot discriminate between polluting and non-polluting suppliers (Braun and Wield, 1994;Jenkins, 1995). Regulation also sidesteps the obstacles posed by profit motivation (on the part of managers) and reluctance to pay (on the part of consumers).…”