Regulation by interferon β-1a of reactive oxygen metabolites production by lymphocytes and monocytes and serum sulfhydryls in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients

Redox regulation of cytokine-mediated inhibition of myelin gene expression in human primary oligodendrocytes

“…ROS, leading to oxidative stress, have been implicated as mediators of demyelination and axonal damage in both MS and EAE [31]. Consistently, the concentration of reduced sulfhydryls in the serum of MS patients was lower than in healthy controls and the treatment with interferon-β1a (IFN-β1a) raised the levels approaching the values of healthy controls [32]. Vladimirova et al [33] have shown that the activation of protein kinase C induces higher production of reactive oxygen species by mononuclear cells of patients with MS than in controls and suggested that the ROS-producing subpopulation preferentially migrates into the CNS during a relapse.…”

The patients with clinically isolated syndrome and relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis show different levels of advanced protein oxidation products and total thiol content in plasma and CSF

“…AOPP can be directly involved in myelin disruption due to their involvement in CNS antigen processing and oxidation of target structures. This process is mediated by AOPP degradation into peptides that can be presented to immune cells which are the main contributors in the CNS damages promotion (Lucas et al, 2003;Park et al, 2006 ). MRI findings (total number of T2 weighted lesions), highlighted in RRMS patients, might be simply ascribed to the later stage of the disease in RRMS than in CIS patients (Table 3), when the protection against cell toxicity and preservation of body and CNS redox balance is significantly decreased (our unpublished data).…”

“…tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1), which is the key switch of inflammatory cascades and acceleration of immune cells defense (Lucas et al, 2003 ). In addition, it has been demonstrated that AOPP levels closely correlate with TNF-a and its receptors expression, that appears as the main inflammatory feature (Witko Sarsat et al, 1999 ).…”

“…Also, demyelinating condition is associate d with increased protein SH groups nitrosyla tion, leading to total SH content depletion (Cross et al, 1997 ). On the contrary, due to oxidative damage reduction (during interfero n therapy), the amount of reduced sulfhydryl s in the sera of MS patients approaches the control values (Lucas et al, 2003;Stojanov ic et al, 2013). These facts, are so important in the understa nding of correlation between SH content in plasma and CSF and disease clinical severity (Table 5, Fig.…”

Redox Processes in Neurodegenerative Disease Involving Reactive Oxygen Species

“…Hence, benefits may arise from use of exogenous AOs. Related studies have been reported dealing with AO protection [109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124]. Sensitivity of motor neurons to reactive nitrogen species has implications for MS [125].…”