Regulation of Abiotic Stress by Salicylic Acid at Gene Level

Ghorbel, Mohamed Habib; Brini, Faïçal

doi:10.1002/9781119671107.ch15

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…In many biological processes, ROS serve as signaling molecules, but an excessive buildup of ROS in living plants can cause oxidative stress damage to cells [ 2 , 3 ]. In fact, environmental constraints modify cellular redox homeostasis, inducing the over-production of small toxic compounds (ROSs), such as hydroxyl radicals (OH − ), superoxide (O 2 − ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and other oxygen radicals which alter the cellular redox equilibrium [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. These extremely hazardous ROSs needs to be changed into less reactive forms in order to adapt to the living environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalase Gene Family in Durum Wheat: Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression Profiling in Response to Multiple Abiotic Stress Conditions

Ghorbel

Zribi

Besbes

et al. 2023

Plants

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Catalase (CAT) is an antioxidant enzyme expressed by the CAT gene family and exists in almost all aerobic organisms. In fact, the CAT enzyme modulates the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents in cells by translating this toxic compound into water (H2O) and O2− to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents in cells. ROS are produced as a result of biotic and abiotic environmental stressors. To avoid ROS toxicity, plants are armed with different enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems to decompose ROS. Among the enzymatic system, CAT proteins are well studied. CAT not only controls growth and development in plants but is also involved in plant defense against different stresses. So far, the CAT gene family has not been reported in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum L.). Therefore, a genome-wide comprehensive analysis was conducted to classify the CAT genes in the durum wheat genome. Here, six TdCAT genes were identified. Based on phylogenetics, the TdCAT genes belong to three groups (Groups I–III) which is explainable by their comparable structural characteristics. Using bio-informatic analysis, we found that the secondary and tertiary structures were conserved among plants and present similar structures among durum wheat CATs. Two conserved domains (pfam00199 and pfam06628) are also present in all identified proteins, which have different subcellular localizations: peroxisome and mitochondrion. By analyzing their promoters, different cis-elements were identified, such as hormone-correlated response and stress-related responsive elements. Finally, we studied the expression pattern of two catalase genes belonging to two different sub-classes under different abiotic stresses. Expression profiling revealed that TdCAT2 and TdCAT3 presented a constitutive expression pattern. Moreover, both genes are induced in response to salt, mannitol, cold, heat and ABA. Thus, we speculate that those genes are activated by different stresses, such as oxygen deficiency, light, cold, abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate. Further, this study will help in understanding the behavior of CAT genes during environmental stress in durum wheat and in Triticeae species in general.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diverse types of antioxidant enzymes found in enzymatic systems serve as the primary mechanisms for eliminating ROSs. Due to their high affinity for H 2 O 2 , catalases (CATs) are regarded as the most effective ROS scavengers [ 5 , 6 ]. Nearly all living organisms possess CATs, which have been extensively studied [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%