Regulation of Breeding Season and Estrous Cycles by Light and External Stimuli in some Mammals

Thibault, C.; Courot, M.; Martinet, Lise; Mauléon, P.; Buisson, F. Du Mesnil Du; Ortavant, R.; Pelletier, J.; Signoret, J.P.

doi:10.2527/jas1966.25supplement119x

Cited by 124 publications

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“…Breed & Clarke (1970) demonstrated that 6L:18D delayed but did not prevent ovarian development in M. agrestis. Thibault et al (1966) reported that photoperiods as short as 5 hr delayed but did not prevent sexual maturation in males and females of M. arvalis. Lecyk (1963), however, reported that a 7 hr photoperiod completely inhibited the attainment of puberty in males of the same species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of photoperiod on growth and sexual function in male and female collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus)

Hasler¹,

Buhl²,

Banks³

1976

Reproduction

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Summary. The effect of photoperiod on sexual function and growth in weanling male and female collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) was studied. Males and females maintained in 6 hr light:18 hr dark after weaning were larger at the end of 70 days than their siblings kept in 20L:4D. Males in 6L: 18D were longer and overall body growth was greater. Males in 6L:18D had heavier adrenals but there were no differences in the weights of testes, preputial glands or seminal vesicles or in the mean testosterone levels of the two groups. Females in 6L:18D had heavier preputial glands than the 20L:4D females. There were no differences between the two groups in uterine, ovarian or adrenal weights or in the number or mean size of atretic or healthy Graafian follicles. Adult males kept in 6L:18D increased more in body weight than those in 20L:4D, but there was no detectable influence of the short photoperiod on reproductive function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of photoperiod on growth and sexual function in male and female collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus)

Hasler¹,

Buhl²,

Banks³

1976

Reproduction

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“…Reproductive performance of boars is reduced during the hot summer months (Thibault et al, 1966). Exposure of boars to increased ambient temperatures results in a reduction in semen quality (McNitt and First, 1970;Wettemann et al, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Characteristics of Boars during and after Exposure to Increased Ambient Temperature2

Wettemann

Wells

Johnson

1979

Journal of Animal Science

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SummaryReproductive performance of 12 ll-monthold Yorkshire boars was determined during and after exposure to control or increased ambient temperatures. After 3 weeks adjustment at 23 C in temperature controlled chambers, six boars were heat stressed by exposure to 34.5 + 1.0 C for 8 hr and 31.0 • 1.0 C for 16 hr during each 24-hr period and six control boars were maintained at 23.0 + 1.0 C for 11 weeks. All boars were subsequently exposed to 23 C for 6 weeks. Semen was collected twice weekly before, during and after heat stress and boars were naturally mated with gilts during weeks 7 to 11 of treatment. Daily rectal temperatures and respiratory rates were increased during heat stress, but the ability to ejaculate and semen volume were not altered. Percentage motile sperm was decreased during heat stress (P<.O05) and did not return to normal values until 5 weeks after the end of exposure to increased ambient temperatures. Daily sperm output from heat stressed boars was decreased (P<.025) during daily ejaculation on days 33 to 38 of treatment and averaged 54% of the total sperm ejaculated by control boars. At 30 days after natural breeding only 59% (P<.05) of the gilts bred by heat stressed boars were pregnant compared to 82% for gilts mated to control boars.

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“…Dystocia and retained placenta, both of which extend the duration of uterine involution, reduce the rate of pregnancies 100 days after calving (Laster et al, 1973) and result in a longer acyclic period after calving (Erb et al, 19581. The presence of a bull in a herd reduces the time before resumption of cyclic activity (male effect) (Zalesky et al, 1984).Season or photoperiod (Tucker, 1982) also changes the duration of anoestrus after calving (Thibault et al, 1966 ;Montgomery et al, 1980). The longer the duration of illumination at the time of calving, the shorter the duration of anoestrus (Bulman and Lamming, 1978 ;Peters and Riley, 1982 ;Hansen and Hauser, 1983 (Clapp, 1937 ;Graves et al, 1968 ;Morrow et a/., 1969 ;Short et al, 1972 ;Randel and Walker, 1976 ;Edgerton, 1980).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Season or photoperiod (Tucker, 1982) also changes the duration of anoestrus after calving (Thibault et al, 1966 ;Montgomery et al, 1980). The longer the duration of illumination at the time of calving, the shorter the duration of anoestrus (Bulman and Lamming, 1978 ;Peters and Riley, 1982 ;Hansen and Hauser, 1983 (Clapp, 1937 ;Graves et al, 1968 ;Morrow et a/., 1969 ;Short et al, 1972 ;Randel and Walker, 1976 ;Edgerton, 1980).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine regulation of postpartum ovarian activity in cattle : a review

Hanzen

1986

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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Summary. The Clinically, the postpartum period is characterized by a period of behavioural anoestrus, the duration of which differs in different breeds.If the detection of oestrus is optimal, anoestrus lasts for 20 to 70 days in dairy cows Callahan et al., 1971 ;Schams et al., 1978 ;Pirchner et al., 1983 ;Richardson et al., 1983 ;Etherington et al., 1984). This period is highly variable in suckled cows and lasts from 30 to 110 days (Wiltbank and Cook 1958 ;Oxenreider 1968 ;Graves et al., 1968 ;Casida et al., 1968 ; Nancarrow et al., 1977 ;Holness et al., 1978 ;Wettemann et a/., 1978 ;Short et al., 1979 ;Dunn and Kaltenbach, 1980 ;Kesler et al., 1980 ;Randel, 1981 ;Montgomery, 1982 ;Peters and Riley, 1982 . Jainudeen et al., 1982Bastidas et al., 1984 ;King and Mc Leod, 1983Leod, /1984Hansen and Hauser, 1984 ;Montgomery et al., 1985).Assay of progesterone in plasma or milk has shown that 88 % of animals of dairy breeds have an luteal activity present by 35 days after calving (Ball and Lamming, 1983) and 95 % within 50 days (Bulman and Lamming, 1978). According to different authors, the first rise of progesterone appears between 16 and 69 days after calving in dairy cows (Webb et al., 1977(Webb et al., , 1980Pirchner et al., 1983) and between 56 and 96 days in suckled cows (Fonseca et al., 1980 ;Peters and Riley 1982 ; Jainudeen et al., 1982 Jainudeen et al., /1983Montgomery et al., 1985).It is possible to detect ovarian follicles by rectal palpation in both milked and suckled cow from the second week after calving (Saiduddin et al., 1968 ;Callahan et al., 1971 ;Kesler et al., 1979 ;Webb et al., 1980 ;Kesler et al., 1980 ;Stevenson et al., 1983 (Wiltbank et al., 1962(Wiltbank et al., , 1964Dunn et al., 1969 ; Lammond, 1970 ;Corah et al., 1975 ;Whitman et a/., 1975 ;Duffour, 1975 ;Holness et al., 1978 ;Carstairs et al., 1980 ;Dunn and Kaltenbach, 1980 ; Gauthier and Thimonnier, 1982 ;Peters and Riley, 1982 ; Mc Leod, 1983/1984 ;Rutter and Randel, 1984). Some authors have found that overfeeding improves ovarian (Wiltbank et al., 1962(Wiltbank et al., , 1964Hansen et al., 1982) or pituitary (Beal et al., 1978 ;Jordan and Swanson, 1979 ;Lishman et al., 1979 ;Moss et al., 1982) function. Others have found no relation between feeding and the ovarian (Lishman et al., 1979 ;Carstairs et al., 1980) or pituitary (Hill et a/., 1970 ;Dunn et al., 1974 ;Spitzer et al., 1978 ;Haresign, 1981 ;Rutter and Randel, 1984) activity.Little is known about the mechanism under which diet exerts its effect. It is conceivable that feeding influences the ovarian response to gonadotropins (Gombe and Hansel, 1973). There was a positive correlation between the degree of fatness of an animal and the plasma concentration of 17 !3-oestradiol, 7 weeks after calving (Lishman et al., 1979).Feeding affects the release of luteinizing hormone (LHI and subsequent luteal function Spitzer et al., 1975 ;Apgar et al., 1975 ;Beal et al., 1978). It has been observed that the release of LH induced by gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) injection was grea...

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Regulation of Breeding Season and Estrous Cycles by Light and External Stimuli in some Mammals

Cited by 124 publications

References 0 publications

The influence of photoperiod on growth and sexual function in male and female collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus)

The influence of photoperiod on growth and sexual function in male and female collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus)

Reproductive Characteristics of Boars during and after Exposure to Increased Ambient Temperature2

Endocrine regulation of postpartum ovarian activity in cattle : a review

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