“…As a result, Tn–TSCM–TCM–TEM–TTE forms the initial immune response and memory immune response, which allows the body to combat both the “old” antigens produced by tumor recurrence and the “new” ones generated by tumor variation 71,72 . After CD28 activation, signaling pathways like PI3K/Akt 73 and nuclear factor‐κB 74 are activated, which contributes to completing the development, differentiation, and proliferation of Tn and Tm. This results in effector T cells that can eliminate tumors and other pathogens.…”