Regulation of Cellular Volume

Macknight, Anthony D. C.; Leaf, Alexander

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-1943-6_19

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…By contrast when C6 glioma cells were exposed to chemical hypoxia, in the presence of physiological concentrations of Na + ions, the blockade of the Na + ‐Ca 2+ exchanger activity by EGTA, La 3+ and CB‐DMB, enhanced chemical hypoxia‐induced LDH release. A possible explanation of these results is that the blockade of the Na + ‐K + ATPase elicited by the fall in ATP concentrations (Macknight & Leaf, 1977; Kempski et al , 1992) results in a loss of K + ions and a gain of Na + ions into the cells. This increase of intracellular Na + ion concentrations may induce the Na + ‐Ca 2+ exchanger to reverse its mode of operation, extruding Na + ions (Amoroso et al , 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological evidence that the activation of the Na⁺‐Ca²⁺ exchanger protects C6 glioma cells during chemical hypoxia

Amoroso¹,

Maio²,

Russo³

et al. 1997

British J Pharmacology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological evidence that the activation of the Na⁺‐Ca²⁺ exchanger protects C6 glioma cells during chemical hypoxia

Amoroso¹,

Maio²,

Russo³

et al. 1997

British J Pharmacology

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“…impaired energy supply, cell swelling will result from the failure of Na+ -K+ ATPase according to the pump-leak model of cell volume regulation (Macknight and Leaf 1977). Using an in vitro model, we could demonstrate, however, that brain cells can tolerate anoxia (Kempski et al 1987) or ouabain treatment (Kempski et al 1988b) for prolonged periods of more than 2 h without any volume increase, although ion gradients may be abolished.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mechanisms of glial swelling induced by glutamate

Schneider

Baethmann²,

Kempski³

1992

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

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The mechanisms of glutamate-induced glial swelling have been studied using an in vitro model that permits detection of cell volume changes with high accuracy. The model allows for a close control of the extracellular environment to study in isolation the effect of defined extracellular alterations occurring in brain under pathophysiologic conditions. Glutamate was applied in concentrations between 50 microM and 10 mM to either C6 glioma cells or astrocytes from primary culture. Glutamate uptake was assessed by HPLC measurements of amino acids in the extracellular medium. Glutamate at all concentrations tested caused glial swelling, which, however, was moderate, with maximal average volume increases between 5.0 +/- 1.92 and 18.38 +/- 1.6% of control at 50 microM and 5 mM glutamate, respectively. Swelling was concentration dependent and correlated with glutamate uptake. After removal of all extracellular glutamate by glial uptake, cell volume spontaneously normalized. Pretreatment of the cells for 90 min with ouabain (1 mM) to abolish the extracellular/intracellular Na+ gradient, prevented glutamate-induced swelling. It is concluded that while glial cells readily accumulate glutamate from the extracellular environment to protect neurons from excitotoxic effects, swelling results from the increase of intracellular osmotic activity due to the uptake of Na+ and glutamate.

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“…In sheep, dexamethasone administration at ∼0.4 gestation (∼64 days) led to increases in allantoic fluid owing to increased fetal urine output (Wintour et al 1994). Both cortisol and aldosterone have the potential for regulating this allantoic fluid volume and ionic composition via effects on Na + , K + and Cl − transport (Celsi et al 1991; Verrey et al 1996) and associated movement of water (Macknight & Leaf, 1977; Phillips et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At this time (days 10–19) in conceptus (embryo plus associated extra‐embryonic membranes) development, the blastocyst is undergoing quite dramatic changes (Marrable, 1971; Anderson, 1978; Anderson et al 1993). Part of this development involves the allantois, which rapidly expands between days 18 and 30 owing to water accumulation (Bazer et al 1981) that might in part result from Na + ,K + ‐ATPase‐generated water movement (Macknight & Leaf, 1977). Corticosteroids are known to regulate Na + ,K + ‐ATPase in various tissues (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of effect of metyrapone and exogenous cortisol on early porcine conceptus development

Klemcke¹,

Vallet²,

Christenson³

2006

Experimental Physiology

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A study was conducted to evaluate the influence of maternal cortisol on early conceptus development in pigs (Sus scrofa). The corticosteroid synthesis inhibitor metyrapone was injected daily during days 14-19 of pregnancy, without (n = 6) and with commensurate administration of cortisol (n = 6). Blood samples were taken via an indwelling jugular catheter on days 14 and 18, and conceptuses were harvested during surgery on day 20. Compared with vehicle-injected control dams (n = 7) plasma cortisol and aldosterone concentrations were decreased (P < 0.01) by 52 and 29%, respectively, by metyrapone treatment. Cortisol administration reversed decreases in plasma cortisol by day 18. There were no treatment-associated effects on conceptus survival or size. Nor were there treatment-associated effects on allantoic fluid volume or content. Trophodermal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA expression decreased by 34% (P < 0.05) in metyrapone-treated pigs, and was not further influenced by concomitant administration of cortisol, thereby suggesting an influence of aldosterone on GR mRNA expression. Also, when all pigs were considered, there were treatment-independent second-order polynomial regressions (P < 0.05) between maternal plasma cortisol concentrations and embryonic weight, allantoic size and allantoic glucose concentrations, and between plasma aldosterone concentrations and trophodermal GR mRNA expression. Such biphasic corticosteroid concentration versus tissue parameter curves are noteworthy, but difficult to interpret validly. They may suggest that an appropriate corticosteroid environment is necessary for optimal porcine embryonic development during this stage of gestation, but cannot overshadow the absence of treatment effects on the porcine embryonic measures evaluated.

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Regulation of Cellular Volume

Cited by 19 publications

References 148 publications

Pharmacological evidence that the activation of the Na⁺‐Ca²⁺ exchanger protects C6 glioma cells during chemical hypoxia

Pharmacological evidence that the activation of the Na⁺‐Ca²⁺ exchanger protects C6 glioma cells during chemical hypoxia

Mechanisms of glial swelling induced by glutamate

Lack of effect of metyrapone and exogenous cortisol on early porcine conceptus development

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Regulation of Cellular Volume

Cited by 19 publications

References 148 publications

Pharmacological evidence that the activation of the Na+‐Ca2+ exchanger protects C6 glioma cells during chemical hypoxia

Pharmacological evidence that the activation of the Na+‐Ca2+ exchanger protects C6 glioma cells during chemical hypoxia

Mechanisms of glial swelling induced by glutamate

Lack of effect of metyrapone and exogenous cortisol on early porcine conceptus development

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Pharmacological evidence that the activation of the Na⁺‐Ca²⁺ exchanger protects C6 glioma cells during chemical hypoxia

Pharmacological evidence that the activation of the Na⁺‐Ca²⁺ exchanger protects C6 glioma cells during chemical hypoxia