Regulation of cytokine production in aging: use of recombinant cytokines to upregulate mitogen-stimulated spleen cells

Frasca, Daniela; Pucci, Sabina; Goso, Cristina; Barattini, Paola; Barile, S.; Pioli, Claudio; Doria, Gino

doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(96)01825-8

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…IL-2 and IFN-γ, for example, were present at higher concentrations in the supernatants of spleen cells from younger mice (16 and 32 weeks of age). The present data agree with earlier studies describing a decrease in IL-2 production related to aging (16,28,38), although some reports have shown no significant changes or even an increase in IL-2 expression in response to mitogenic stimulation in older humans and rodents (for reviews, see Ref. 7).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Aging reduces the primary humoral response and the in vitro cytokine production in mice

Simioni

Costa

Tamashiro

2007

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Aging is accompanied by a decrease in several physiological functions that make older individuals less responsive to environmental challenges. In the present study, we analyzed the immune response of female BALB/c mice (N = 6) of different ages (from 2 to 96 weeks) and identified significant age-related alterations. Immunization with hapten-protein (trinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin) conjugates resulted in lower antibody levels in the primary and secondary responses of old mice (72 weeks old). Moreover, young mice (2, 16, and 32 weeks old) maintained specific antibodies in their sera for longer periods after primary immunization than did old mice. However, a secondary challenge efficiently induced memory in old mice, as shown by the increased antibody levels in their sera. The number of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in the spleen increased until 8 weeks of age but there was no change in the CD4 + /CD8 + ratio with aging. Splenic T cells from old mice that had or had not been immunized were less responsive to concanavalin-A and showed reduced cytokine production compared to young mice (IL-2: 57-127 vs 367-1104 pg/mL, IFN-γ: 2344-12,836 vs 752-23,106 pg/mL and IL-10: 393-2172 vs 105-2869 pg/mL in old and young mice, respectively). These data suggest that there are significant changes in the organization of the immune system throughout life. However, the relevance of these alterations for the functioning of the immune system is unknown.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Alternatively, the lower antibody levels observed in the older mice may reflect alterations in T cell function, as suggested by several investigators (for reviews, see Refs. 7,37,38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging reduces the primary humoral response and the in vitro cytokine production in mice

Simioni

Costa

Tamashiro

2007

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…In the elderly, gamma interferon (IFN-␥) expression, as a marker of Th1 immunity, is increased relative to the general population, but there is a decrease in the amount of IL-2 that is produced (67)(68)(69). Even though markers of Th1 immunity are elevated, a loss of IL-2 renders one less capable of expanding T cell subsets.…”

Section: Increased Susceptibility To Rsv Infection Due To Pharmacologmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Infection, Detection, and New Options for Prevention and Treatment

2017

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SUMMARY Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a significant cause of hospitalization of children in North America and one of the leading causes of death of infants less than 1 year of age worldwide, second only to malaria. Despite its global impact on human health, there are relatively few therapeutic options available to prevent or treat RSV infection. Paradoxically, there is a very large volume of information that is constantly being refined on RSV replication, the mechanisms of RSV-induced pathology, and community transmission. Compounding the burden of acute RSV infections is the exacerbation of preexisting chronic airway diseases and the chronic sequelae of RSV infection. A mechanistic link is even starting to emerge between asthma and those who suffer severe RSV infection early in childhood. In this article, we discuss developments in the understanding of RSV replication, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutics. We attempt to reconcile the large body of information on RSV and why after many clinical trials there is still no efficacious RSV vaccine and few therapeutics.

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“…It therefore follows that the complex cytokine network that orchestrates cell-cell interactions is also affected by age. Those age-associated changes in cytokine production have been investigated previously in both humans and rodents [113,114]. For example, it has been shown that aging increased inflammation by inducing production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as IL-6 and CCL2, respectively [115].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…IL-13 is other potent immune modulator and might contribute to the development of Th2 immune response by reducing IL-12 production [119]. Importantly, production of those anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-~, is reduced by age [114,120].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-associated changes in innate immunity and their impacts on inflammatory disease.

Eskan¹

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Regulation of cytokine production in aging: use of recombinant cytokines to upregulate mitogen-stimulated spleen cells

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Aging reduces the primary humoral response and the in vitro cytokine production in mice

Aging reduces the primary humoral response and the in vitro cytokine production in mice

Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Infection, Detection, and New Options for Prevention and Treatment

Age-associated changes in innate immunity and their impacts on inflammatory disease.

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