Regulation of dHAND protein expression by all‐<i>trans</i> retinoic acid through ET‐1/ETAR signaling in H9c2 cells

Li, Weixin; Li, Yong

doi:10.1002/jcb.20940

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…ECs primarily secrete ET-1, which is the major ET type in blood circulation (28,29). Increased ET-1 may induce vascular endothelial dysfunction, which manifests as vasomotor dysfunction due to various stimuli, including acetylcholine, catecholamine, mechanical pressure, extension and cold stimulation (30). It may also promote platelet aggregation and platelet-leukocyte adhesion, and accelerate the proliferation of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All‑trans retinoic acid reduces endothelin‑1 expression and increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation in rabbits with atherosclerosis

et al. 2017

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All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a natural derivative of vitamin A that ameliorates atherosclerosis (AS) by regulating inflammatory factors. However, studies concerning the role of retinoic acid in artery endothelial function are rare. Therefore, the present study investigated its role in regulating the production of endothelin‑1 (ET‑1) and nitric oxide (NO) in rabbits with AS. The rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: The control group was administered an ordinary diet, while the high fat group and the ATRA drug intervention group were administered a high fat diet. After 12 weeks, the blood lipid levels of rabbits, the morphological structure of the arterial wall, the arterial intimal permeability, the activity of blood endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the level of plasma NO were investigated. Western blot analysis was used to detect the levels of ET‑1, eNOS and eNOS phosphorylation at Ser‑1177 (p‑eNOS), and a radioimmunoassay was performed to detect the level of ET‑1 in the plasma. It was identified that plaque formation was alleviated in the ATRA group compared with the high fat group, as revealed by hematoxylin and eosin and oil red O staining, and a similar trend was reflected in the immunofluorescence results for endothelial permeability. Western blotting demonstrated significantly decreased ET‑1 expression levels in the arterial tissue of rabbits in the ATRA group compared with the high fat group, together with increased p‑eNOS level (P<0.05), however, no difference was observed in the expression of eNOS (P>0.05). The trends observed for ET‑1 and the activity of eNOS in plasma were similar to those for arterial tissue. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that ATRA may regulate the grade of AS by the reduction of ET‑1 secretion and increased NO formation via increased phosphorylation of eNOS. ATRA provides a potential novel method for the treatment of atherosclerosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All‑trans retinoic acid reduces endothelin‑1 expression and increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation in rabbits with atherosclerosis

et al. 2017

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“…Endothelin-1 ( Edn1) , which is expressed in the epithelial layer of the branchial arches, regulates Hand2 and is downregulated in the branchial arches in Edn1 -null mice (Thomas et al , 1998a, Ivey et al , 2003; Li and Li, 2006). The Edn1 downstream effectors Dlx5 & Dlx6 directly regulate Hand2 transcription via a Dlx cis-element located within the Hand2 branchial arch enhancer (Charite et al , 2001; Fukuhara et al , 2004).…”

Section: Hand2 Is Required During Development Of the Heart Limbs Aumentioning

confidence: 99%

A twist of insight - the role of Twist-family bHLH factors in development

Barnes

Firulli²

2009

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

128

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Members of the Twist-family of bHLH proteins play a pivotal role in a number of essential developmental programs. Twist-family bHLH proteins function by dimerizing with other bHLH members and binding to cis-regulatory elements, called E-boxes. While Twist-family members may simply exhibit a preference in terms of high-affinity binding partners, a complex, multilevel cascade of regulation creates a dynamic role for these bHLH proteins. We summarize in this review information on each Twist-family member concerning expression pattern, function, regulation, downstream targets, and interactions with other bHLH proteins. Additionally, we focus on the phospho-regulatory mechanisms that tightly control posttranslational modification of Twist-family member bHLH proteins. Twist1, Twist2, Hand1, Hand2, Paraxis, Scleraxis, limb, heart, trophoblast, phosphoregulation, dimerization The Twist-family of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) factors is an evolutionarily conserved family of proteins that play diverse roles in both embryonic development and pathological disease. These diverse roles are reflected in the functional mechanisms that govern Twist-family biological activity. The requirement of bHLH factors to form a dimer complex is well established and recently a number of groups have shown that Twist family proteins have broad sets of potential dimer partners. In addition to Class A bHLH factors (E-proteins), homodimerization and heterodimerization between Twist-family members form important and functional dimer complexes that are required for proper development. Given the broad partially overlapping expression patterns of Twist factors observed within the developing embryo and the potential of these factors to form numerous unique transcriptional complexes, the spatio-temporal transcriptional regulation of Twistfamily members is a key component of the functional regulation defining specification and differentiation. Additionally, phosphorylation of conserved threonine and serine residues within the first amphipathic α-helix of Twist-family proteins exerts a second level of control, effecting protein dimer affinities with potential partners as well as dictating DNA-binding affinities in a cis-element dependent manner. Moreover, phosphoregulation can regulate protein localization within the cell thereby positioning the Twist protein (and perhaps its partner) in a functional or non-functional environment. Given the recent new insights into the developmental and Int. J. Dev. Biol. 53: 909-924 (2009) KEY WORDS:

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Cardiac tissue regeneration: A preliminary study on carbon‐based nanotubes gelatin scaffold

et al. 2017

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The aim of this study was set-up and test of gelatin and carbon nanotubes scaffolds. Gelatin-based (5%) genipin cross-linked (0.2%) scaffolds embedding single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.3% w/w) were prepared and mechanically/electrically characterized. For biological evaluation, H9c2 cell line was cultured for 10 days. Cytotoxicity, cell growth and differentiation, immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR analysis were performed. Myoblast and cardiac differentiation were obtained by serum reduction to 1% (C ) and stimulation with 50 nM all trans-retinoic acid (C ), respectively. Immunohistochemistry showed elongated myotubes in C while round and multinucleated cells in C with also a significantly increased expression of natriuretic peptides (NP) and ET-1 receptors in parallel with a decreased ET-1. On scaffolds, cell viability was similar for Gel-SWCNT ; NP and ET systems expression decreased in both concentrations with respect to control and CX-43, mainly due to a lacking of complete differentiation in cardiac phenotype during that time. Although further analyses on novel biomaterials are necessary, these results represent a useful starting point to develop new biomaterial-based scaffolds. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2750-2762, 2018.

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Regulation of dHAND protein expression by all‐trans retinoic acid through ET‐1/ETAR signaling in H9c2 cells

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

All‑trans retinoic acid reduces endothelin‑1 expression and increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation in rabbits with atherosclerosis

All‑trans retinoic acid reduces endothelin‑1 expression and increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation in rabbits with atherosclerosis

A twist of insight - the role of Twist-family bHLH factors in development

Cardiac tissue regeneration: A preliminary study on carbon‐based nanotubes gelatin scaffold

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