Regulation of DNA methylation on EEF1D and RPL8 expression in cattle

Abstract

Dynamic changes to the epigenome play a critical role in a variety of biology processes and complex traits. Many important candidate genes have been identified through our previous genome wide association study (GWAS) on milk production traits in dairy cattle. However, the underlying mechanism of candidate genes have not yet been clearly understood. In this study, we analyzed the methylation variation of the candidate genes, EEF1D and RPL8, which were identified to be strongly associated with milk production traits in dairy cattle in our previous studies, and its effect on protein and mRNA expression. We compared DNA methylation profiles and gene expression levels of EEF1D and RPL8 in five different tissues (heart, liver, mammary gland, ovary and muscle) of three cows. Both genes showed the highest expression level in mammary gland. For RPL8, there was no difference in the DNA methylation pattern in the five tissues, suggesting no effect of DNA methylation on gene expression. For EEF1D, the DNA methylation levels of its first CpG island differed in the five tissues and were negatively correlated with the gene expression levels. To further investigate the function of DNA methylation on the expression of EEF1D, we collected blood samples of three cows at early stage of lactation and in dry period and analyzed its expression and the methylation status of the first CpG island in blood. As a result, the mRNA expression of EEF1D in the dry period was higher than that at the early stage of lactation, while the DNA methylation level in the dry period was lower than that at the early stage of lactation. Our result suggests that the DNA methylation of EEF1D plays an important role in the spatial and temporal regulation of its expression and possibly have an effect on the milk production traits.

Genome Wide Identification of Novel Long Non-coding RNAs and Their Potential Associations With Milk Proteins in Chinese Holstein Cows

“…Mechanisms of epigenetic gene regulation function through the modulation of chromatin structure, and may either repress or enhance gene expression. It has been reported that milk proteins are in fact influenced by DNA methylation ( Nguyen et al, 2014 ; Liu et al, 2017 ), histone modifications, such as acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation ( Wang et al, 2017 ), and microRNAs ( Li R. et al, 2016 ; Wang et al, 2016 ). However, a new epigenetic component – long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which were recently demonstrated to be critical gene regulators of cellular metabolism ( Zhao and Lin, 2015 ), are yet to be thoroughly examined.…”

Genome‐wide association analysis and gene set enrichment analysis with SNP data identify genes associated with 305‐day milk yield in Holstein dairy cows

“…Jiang et al 2010;Nayeri et al 2017). In addition to DGAT1, 20 more positional candidate genes were identified underlying this QTL (Table 1) that have been previously associated with milk production (Jiang et al 2014;Capomaccio et al 2015;Nayeri et al 2016;Suchocki et al 2016;Liu et al 2017;Sanchez et al 2017). This is the first time that the remaining four positional candidate genes (KIFC2, MFSD3, LRRC24 and SLC39A4) have been associated with 305MY, although they have recently been associated with milk fatty acid composition in Italian Simmental and Italian Holstein cattle (Palombo et al 2018).…”

EEF1D Promotes Glioma Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion through EMT and PI3K/Akt Pathway

“…Besides the canonical role of EEF1D as a direct substrate for casein kinase 2 (CK2), an important regulator of cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and transcription [ 21 , 22 ], EEF1D, could also participate in autoubiquitination and degradation by interacting with SIAH E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (SIAH-1) [ 23 ]. Several researchers reported that gene amplification, genetic methylation, and posttranslational modification may play a role in the mechanisms of EEF1 superfamily proteins in different cancers [ 24 ].…”