Regulation of Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation (Review)

Markova, Yu. A.; Анганова, Е. В.; Turskaya, A. L.; Быбин, В. А.; Савилов, Е. Д.

doi:10.1134/s0003683818010040

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Both approaches confirm that fimR2 overexpression causes biofilm formation ( Figure 2C, D ). As bacterial cells in stationary phase often form biofilms (Markova et al, 2018), we next inspected the biofilm forming potential of wild-type (WT) and fimR2 genomic deletion (ΔfimR2) strains in stationary phase. Indeed, both WT and ΔfimR2 strains formed biofilms in stationary phase ( Figure 2C, D ) while ΔfimR2 showed markedly reduced biofilm formation potential compared to the WT strain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The stationary phase-specific sRNAfimR2is a multifunctional regulator of bacterial motility, biofilm formation and virulence

Raad

Tandon

Hapfelmeier

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Bacterial pathogens employ a plethora of virulence factors for host invasion, and their use is tightly regulated to maximize infection efficiency and manage resources in a nutrient-limited environment. Here we show that during Escherichia coli stationary phase the small non-coding RNA fimR2 regulates fimbrial and flagellar biosynthesis at the post-transcriptional level, leading to biofilm formation as the dominant mode of survival under conditions of nutrient depletion. fimR2 interacts with the translational regulator CsrA, antagonizing its functions and firmly tightening control over motility and biofilm formation. Generated through RNase E cleavage, fimR2 regulates stationary phase biology independently of the chaperones Hfq and ProQ. The Salmonella enterica version of fimR2 induces effector protein secretion by the type III secretion system and stimulates infection, thus linking the sRNA to virulence. This work reveals the importance of bacterial sRNAs in modulating various aspects of bacterial physiology including stationary phase and virulence.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The stationary phase-specific sRNAfimR2is a multifunctional regulator of bacterial motility, biofilm formation and virulence

Raad

Tandon

Hapfelmeier

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…This requires a large-scale lifestyle change in each bacterium ceases to use its flagella to locomote and deploy production mechanisms that attach to a surface and generate an extracellular matrix that consists of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and phospholipids, colanic acid, and adhesins. The transition between lifestyles involves interactions between a host of control mechanisms (for overviews, see Sharma et al, 2016;Markova, Anganova, Turskaya, Bybin, & Savilov, 2018).…”

Section: Crosstalk: Integration and Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control mechanisms: Explaining the integration and versatility of biological organisms

Bich

Bechtel

2022

Adaptive Behavior

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Living organisms act as integrated wholes to maintain themselves. Individual actions can each be explained by characterizing the mechanisms that perform the activity. But these alone do not explain how various activities are coordinated and performed versatilely. We argue that this depends on a specific type of mechanisms, control mechanisms. We develop an account of control by examining several extensively studied control mechanisms operative in the bacterium E. coli. On our analysis, what distinguishes a control mechanism from other mechanisms is that it relies on measuring one or more variables, which results in setting constraints in the control mechanism that determine its action on flexible constraints in other mechanisms. In the most basic arrangement, the measurement process directly determines the action of the control mechanism, but in more complex arrangements signals mediate between measurements and effectors. This opens the possibility of multiple responses to the same measurement and responses based on multiple measurements. It also allows crosstalk, resulting in networks of control mechanisms. Such networks integrate the behaviors of the organism but also present a challenge in tailoring responses to particular measurements. We discuss how integrated activity can still result in differential, versatile, responses.

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“…The communal lifestyle of biofilm members is often much different than the single bacterial cells (8). Generally, bacterial cells at the stationery growth phase produce biofilms when the environmental conditions become harsh for planktonic cells due to nutrient depletion or toxic substance accumulation (9). Biofilm formation is a step-by-step process of attachment, maturation, and dispersion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Drug Resistance Before and After Biofilm Formation of Bacteria Causing Wound Infection and Detection of Their Protease Activity

Proma

Ahmed

2021

Int J Infect

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Background: Wound infection is a highly common problem in hospital settings, where microbes are often resistant and difficult to treat due to rapid exposure to antibiotics. While treating wound infection, bacteria often enter the deep tissue; as therapy needs long exposure time, bacteria have sufficient time to develop biofilm, which makes them much more resistant to antibiotics. Objectives: The current study was performed to identify wound-infecting bacteria and determine their protease production activity. Methods: The ability to produce biofilm was evaluated by the Congo red agar and tube methods. Antibiotic resistance pattern was assessed before and after biofilm formation to detect the changes in resistance due to biofilm formation. Results: We identified Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Corynebacteriumxerosis., Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacterspp., Klebsiellapneumonia, Staphylococcus spp., Shigella spp., and Salmonella spp. in 20 wound samples, among which about 10 isolates were found to be biofilm producers. Almost all the biofilm producers showed complete resistance or a much smaller inhibition zone. Conclusions: Pathogenic bacteria can be more difficult to eradicate by antibiotic treatment if they are able to produce biofilm; thus, it is essential to prevent biofilm formation.

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Regulation of Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation (Review)

Cited by 19 publications

References 92 publications

The stationary phase-specific sRNAfimR2is a multifunctional regulator of bacterial motility, biofilm formation and virulence

The stationary phase-specific sRNAfimR2is a multifunctional regulator of bacterial motility, biofilm formation and virulence

Control mechanisms: Explaining the integration and versatility of biological organisms

Evaluation of Drug Resistance Before and After Biofilm Formation of Bacteria Causing Wound Infection and Detection of Their Protease Activity

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