Regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T by a MicroRNA in Brachypodium distachyon

Wu, Liang; Liu, Dongfeng; Wu, Jiajie; Zhang, Rongzhi; Qin, Zhengrui; Liu, Danmei; Li, Aili; Fu, Daolin; Zhai, Wenxue; Mao, Long

doi:10.1105/tpc.113.118620

Cited by 87 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…We have shown that this FT homolog is not expressed in phyC mutants and that overexpression of this FT is able to rescue the delayed flowering phenotype of phyC. The closely related FT gene, FT2, can also promote flowering in Brachypodium (Wu et al 2013) and is also undetectable in the phyc background; thus, loss of FT2 expression might also contribute to the delayed flowering phenotype of the phyC mutant.…”

Section: Phyc Plays a Major Role In Photoperiodic Flowering In Pooidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PHYTOCHROME C Is an Essential Light Receptor for Photoperiodic Flowering in the Temperate Grass, Brachypodium distachyon

et al. 2014

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We show that in the temperate grass, Brachypodium distachyon, PHYTOCHROME C (PHYC), is necessary for photoperiodic flowering. In loss-of-function phyC mutants, flowering is extremely delayed in inductive photoperiods. PHYC was identified as the causative locus by utilizing a mapping by sequencing pipeline (Cloudmap) optimized for identification of induced mutations in Brachypodium. In phyC mutants the expression of Brachypodium homologs of key flowering time genes in the photoperiod pathway such as GIGANTEA (GI), PHOTOPERIOD 1 (PPD1/PRR37), CONSTANS (CO), and florigen/FT are greatly attenuated. PHYC also controls the day-length dependence of leaf size as the effect of day length on leaf size is abolished in phyC mutants. The control of genes upstream of florigen production by PHYC was likely to have been a key feature of the evolution of a long-day flowering response in temperate pooid grasses.

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Section: Phyc Plays a Major Role In Photoperiodic Flowering In Pooidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PHYTOCHROME C Is an Essential Light Receptor for Photoperiodic Flowering in the Temperate Grass, Brachypodium distachyon

et al. 2014

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“…Under LD, PPD1/PRR37 up-regulates FT1 in barley and wheat (25) but down-regulates FT homologs in rice and sorghum (58,59). Upregulation of FT1 in wheat is associated with the up-regulation of FT2 (43,71), which also promotes flowering (72). (Pathway B) PHYC also modulates the expression of circadian clock and clock output genes CO1 and CO2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PHYTOCHROME C plays a major role in the acceleration of wheat flowering under long-day photoperiod

Chen¹,

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

185

228

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Phytochromes are dimeric proteins that function as red and far-red light sensors influencing nearly every phase of the plant life cycle. Of the three major phytochrome families found in flowering plants, PHYTOCHROME C (PHYC) is the least understood. In Arabidopsis and rice, PHYC is unstable and functionally inactive unless it heterodimerizes with another phytochrome. However, when expressed in an Arabidopsis phy-null mutant, wheat PHYC forms signaling active homodimers that translocate into the nucleus in red light to mediate photomorphogenic responses. Tetraploid wheat plants homozygous for loss-of-function mutations in all PHYC copies (phyC AB ) flower on average 108 d later than wild-type plants under long days but only 19 d later under short days, indicating a strong interaction between PHYC and photoperiod. This interaction is further supported by the drastic down-regulation in the phyC AB mutant of the central photoperiod gene PHOTOPERIOD 1 (PPD1) and its downstream target FLOWERING LOCUS T1, which are required for the promotion of flowering under long days. These results implicate light-dependent, PHYC-mediated activation of PPD1 expression in the acceleration of wheat flowering under inductive long days. Plants homozygous for the phyC AB mutations also show altered profiles of circadian clock and clock-output genes, which may also contribute to the observed differences in heading time. Our results highlight important differences in the photoperiod pathways of the temperate grasses with those of well-studied model plant species.

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“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous, non‐coding regulatory RNA sequences that have key roles in regulation of gene expression in most of the eukaryotic cells. In plants, miRNAs regulate gene expression at both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels (Reinhart et al , Chapman et al , Ramachandran and Chen , Grant‐Downton et al ) and are involved in a number of physiological processes, such as growth, development and both biotic and abiotic stress responses (Mathieu et al , Wang et al , Grigorova et al , Thiebaut et al , Wu et al ). miRNAs have emerged as promising approaches for plant breeding applications, such as crop improvement strategies and genetic modification of agronomic traits (Meng et al , Liu and Chen ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in identification and validation of plant microRNAs and their target genes

Sun

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2014

Physiologia Plantarum

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Developments in the field of molecular biology and genetics, such as microarray, gene transfer and discovery of small regulatory RNAs, have led to significant advances in plant biotechnology. Among the small RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) have elicited much interest as key post-transcriptional regulators in eukaryotic gene expression. Advances in genome and transcriptome sequencing of plants have facilitated the generation of a huge wealth of sequence information that can find much use in the discovery of novel miRNAs and their target genes. In this review, we present an overview of the developments in the strategies and methods used to identify and study miRNAs, their target genes and the mechanisms by which these miRNAs interact with their target genes since the discovery of the first miRNA. The approaches discussed include both reverse and forward genetics. We observed that despite the availability of advanced methods, certain limitations ranging from the cost of materials, equipment and personnel to the availability of genome sequences for many plant species present a number of challenges for the development and utilization of modern scientific methods for the elucidation and development of miRNAs in many important plant species.

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Regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T by a MicroRNA in Brachypodium distachyon

Cited by 87 publications

References 67 publications

PHYTOCHROME C Is an Essential Light Receptor for Photoperiodic Flowering in the Temperate Grass, Brachypodium distachyon

PHYTOCHROME C Is an Essential Light Receptor for Photoperiodic Flowering in the Temperate Grass, Brachypodium distachyon

PHYTOCHROME C plays a major role in the acceleration of wheat flowering under long-day photoperiod

Advances in identification and validation of plant microRNAs and their target genes

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