Regulation of food intake and the development of anti-obesity drugs

Chen, Yue

doi:10.5582/ddt.2016.01014

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…To date, there are treatment regimens available for obesity, including lifestyle modifications (e.g. diet control and physical exercise) (Chen, 2016; National Health and Medical Research Council(NHMRC), 2013; Rodgers et al., 2012; Sun et al., 2016), pharmacotherapies (eg. orlistat, liraglutide and lorcaserin.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Orlistat is a known effective pancreatic lipase inhibitor that has been used for the long-term weight management since 1999 (Luo et al., 2019; Rodgers et al., 2012). However, it can lead to gastrointestinal intolerances, including faecal urgency and faecal incontinence (Chen, 2016; Lucas and Kaplan-Machlis, 2001; Rodgers et al., 2012). Hence, greater attention has been drawn to herbal medicine due to their potentials for offering novel, weight-loss treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The inhibitory effects of an eight-herb formula (RCM-107) on pancreatic lipase: enzymatic, HPTLC profiling and in silico approaches

Luo

Gill

Dias

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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AimsObesity is a global, public health issue that causes or exacerbates serious medical disorders. Chinese herbal therapies have become one of the most popular alternatives due to intolerances of current anti-obesity treatments. The RCM-107 formula (granule) is modified from our previous studied RCM-104 formula, which has demonstrated significant effects on weight reduction in randomized clinical trials. Up to date, there is no published scientific evidence to evaluate the effect of this formula on the weight-loss target pancreatic lipase and therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of RCM-107 and respective individual ingredient on the pancreatic lipase activities.Main methodsFluorometric based enzymatic assays, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) profiling and in silico molecular docking techniques were used to investigate the lipase inhibitory effects of the RCM-107 herbal formula and its respective individual herbs.Principle findingsThe results demonstrated the potent lipase suppressing effect of the RCM-107 formula. The majority of the ingredients from this formula also showed pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities. The presence of the known weight-loss compounds such as (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), (-)-epicatechin (EC), rutin, crocin and caffeine were identified in the RCM-107 and related single herbs using HPTLC profiling approaches. In addition, EGCG, EC and the known lipase antagonist orlistat acted on the same site. These compounds form hydrogen bonds with corresponding residues HIS152, ASP80 and GLY77, which can be considered as markers of important areas in the ligand-binding site. This may explain the details of their roles in inhibiting pancreatic lipase activities.ConclusionOur data has provided new knowledge to the mechanistic properties of the RCM-107 formula and its respective individual herbal ingredients for weight loss, in terms of reducing lipid absorption via the inhibition of pancreatic lipase.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inhibitory effects of an eight-herb formula (RCM-107) on pancreatic lipase: enzymatic, HPTLC profiling and in silico approaches

Luo

Gill

Dias

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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“…ventromedial nucleus, VMN) oraz jądro grzbietowo-przyśrodkowe (ang. dorsmedial nucleus, DMN) [7]. W ostatnich latach pojawiają się doniesienia, że wpływ na neurofizjologiczne mechanizmy kontroli łaknienia może mieć neurotroficzny czynnik pochodzenia mózgowego (ang.…”

Section: Wprowadzenieunclassified

Rola neurotroficznego czynnika pochodzenia mózgowego w kontroli łaknienia

et al. 2020

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Stwierdzono, że w obszarach ośrodkowego układu nerwowego (OUN) odpowiedzialnych za kontrolę łaknienia dochodzi do ekspresji neurotroficznego czynnika pochodzenia mózgowego (BDNF) oraz receptora TrkB. BDNF oprócz zaangażowania w neurogenezę, neuroprotekcję oraz plastyczność synaptyczną, wykazuje działanie anoreksygenne. Obniżenie poziomu BDNF w mózgu powoduje wzrost poboru pokarmu, a z kolei podawanie tego neuropeptydu do OUN prowadzi do obniżenia masy ciała zwierząt. Pomimo, że mechanizm hamowania łaknienia poprzez BDNF wciąż pozostaje niejasny, zauważono, że neurotrofina ta może współuczestniczyć z innymi czynnikami w regulacji przyjmowania pokarmu jak np. leptyną, insuliną, cholecystokininą czy kortykotropiną. Ponadto może wpływać na gospodarkę glukozy.Stwierdzono, że obwodowy poziom BDNF jest niższy u osób z anoreksją w porównaniu z wartościami u osób zdrowych, dodatkowo poziom BDNF ma tendencję do wyrównania w trakcie powrotu do prawidłowej masy ciała. Mutacja w genie BDNF może mieć również znaczenie w patogenezie otyłości, aczkolwiek dane co do stężenia tej neurotrofiny we krwi u otyłych są niejednoznaczne.

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“…Many postingestive factors such as stomach distention, gastric emptying, and gut hormones (especially ghrelin and glucagonlike peptide 1 [GLP‐1]) were reported to have a significant impact on appetite control . Ghrelin is the only orexigenic gut hormone and is described as the “hunger hormone” because its circulating levels increase during fasting to stimulate food consumption and then fall after a meal . GLP‐1 is an intestinal hormone that is released into the circulation after eating in a magnitude related to the amount of food consumed and that decreases with fasting .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Meal Acceptability on Postprandial Appetite Scores and Hormones of Male Participants with Varied Adiposity

Helou

Obeid

Olabi

2019

Obesity

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Objective This study portrays the effect of hedonic manipulation (high acceptability [HA] vs. low acceptability [LA]) on postprandial hormones and appetite scores in healthy males. Methods Thirty participants (15 with normal weight and 15 with obesity) were recruited for a randomized, crossover design. They were randomly assigned to the HA or LA (with acesulfame‐K) custard. Blood samples were drawn before the meals and for 4 hours after the meals and were analyzed for glucose, insulin, ghrelin, and glucagonlike peptide 1 (GLP‐1). Appetite scores and subsequent energy intake were recorded. Results Postprandial glucose, insulin, and ghrelin were different according to adiposity, whereas meal acceptability did not correspond to any significant difference in postprandial glucose, insulin, ghrelin, and GLP‐1 concentrations. Appetite scores showed lower hunger, higher satiety, and fullness after the HA meal without a significant difference between the meals. Subsequent energy intake, expressed as a percentage of the resting energy expenditure, was higher in participants with obesity but did not reflect postprandial hormones and appetite scores; there was no significant difference between meals. Conclusions Hedonic properties and palatability do not affect gut hormones, mainly ghrelin and GLP‐1. Moreover, their postprandial concentrations were not paralleled by similar changes in appetite scores, and both were not found to affect subsequent intake.

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Regulation of food intake and the development of anti-obesity drugs

Cited by 13 publications

References 73 publications

The inhibitory effects of an eight-herb formula (RCM-107) on pancreatic lipase: enzymatic, HPTLC profiling and in silico approaches

The inhibitory effects of an eight-herb formula (RCM-107) on pancreatic lipase: enzymatic, HPTLC profiling and in silico approaches

Rola neurotroficznego czynnika pochodzenia mózgowego w kontroli łaknienia

Effect of Meal Acceptability on Postprandial Appetite Scores and Hormones of Male Participants with Varied Adiposity

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