2010
DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.08.008
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Regulation of Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIF) in Hypoxia and Normoxia During Placental Development

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Cited by 136 publications
(114 citation statements)
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“…For rodents, the preferred route of TH entry is through the cerebral circulation and its blood-brain barrier, with some thyroid hormone entering the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) via the choroid plexus (Dratman et al 1991, Horn & Heuer 2010). The T 4 -binding protein, transthyretin, produced in significant amounts by the choroid plexus, has been implicated in this transport, and transthyretin may be involved in delivery of CSF thyroid hormone to the brain (Patel et al 2010). T 4 transported to the brain via blood circulation passes through endothelial cells and is taken up by astrocytes, probably through the Oatp1c1 cell membrane transporter ( Fig.…”
Section: Thyroid Hormone Transporters In the Brainmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For rodents, the preferred route of TH entry is through the cerebral circulation and its blood-brain barrier, with some thyroid hormone entering the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) via the choroid plexus (Dratman et al 1991, Horn & Heuer 2010). The T 4 -binding protein, transthyretin, produced in significant amounts by the choroid plexus, has been implicated in this transport, and transthyretin may be involved in delivery of CSF thyroid hormone to the brain (Patel et al 2010). T 4 transported to the brain via blood circulation passes through endothelial cells and is taken up by astrocytes, probably through the Oatp1c1 cell membrane transporter ( Fig.…”
Section: Thyroid Hormone Transporters In the Brainmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This in turn activates VEGF and, in doing so, promotes angiogenesis. 47 Consequently, maternal exercise is beneficial for placental and fetal growth because it diverts blood toward muscle and skin and thus creates a short-lived hypoxic environment. 44 Indeed, trophoblastic, endothelial, and stromal cell proliferation has been shown to be enhanced in placentas from active women during normal pregnancy versus their sedentary counterparts (proliferation index: 45 ± 14 mitoses per 1000 nuclei versus 29 ± 10 mitoses per 1000 nuclei; P<0.008) (Figure).…”
Section: Potential Mechanisms Involved In the Beneficial Impact Of Exmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This allows development of a mature maternal and fetal circulation within the placenta and a rise in placental oxygen levels. There is increasing evidence that the changing oxygen levels within the developing placenta have major effects on trophoblast function (Patel, et al 2010b). …”
Section: Thyroid Hormonementioning
confidence: 99%