Regulation of Keystone Predation by Small Changes in Ocean Temperature

Sanford, Eric

doi:10.1126/science.283.5410.2095

Cited by 458 publications

(419 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Temperature can be associated with varying feeding rates due to physiological responses (Englund et al, 2011;Sanford, 1999). The net consumer-resource interaction strength can also be affected by varying consumer metabolic rates, which can be associated with periods of predator starvation when the metabolic rate exceeds that of resource ingestion (Rall et al, 2010).…”

Section: Relevance To Empirical Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental weakening of trophic interactions drives stability in stochastic food webs

Ruokolainen

McCann

2013

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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A 3-species food web model is analysed, with stochastic variation in parameters. Noise affects either resource growth or consumer intake as a Gaussian function. Noise variance, colour, and the consumers foraging adaptation rate is varied. Environmental characteristics impact on the consumer-resource interaction strength. Noise impact on population variability depends on where it hits in the food web. a r t i c l e i n f o t r a c tThe physiological performance and behaviour of organisms are contingent on environmental conditions. When these conditions vary over time, this can have important consequences for the dynamics of individual populations and entire species communities. While the importance of environmental variation on the structuring and stability of natural food webs is recognised, little work has been done so far to build up a theoretical understanding of these processes. Here we investigate a simple model food web, where a consumer species forages flexibly upon two distinct, inter-competing resource species. Resource productivities or the resource intake rates by the consumer are assumed to depend on environmental conditions in a realistic manner. Fluctuations in these parameters drive variation in the strength of consumer-resource interactions, depending on whether the resource or the consumer is sensitive to environmental noise. The way resources and the consumer respond to changes in environmental conditions stems from the deterministic influence of each stochastic parameter on food web dynamics, which interact with the consumer adaptation process as well as between-resource competition. According to recent empirical reports, the mechanisms behind our results are likely to be relevant in natural systems and thus the model predictions are of potential importance in understanding food web responses to environmental stochasticity in general.

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Section: Relevance To Empirical Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental weakening of trophic interactions drives stability in stochastic food webs

Ruokolainen

McCann

2013

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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“…Rising water temperatures can also drive behavioral changes at the community level. To name just two out of many examples: The timing of spawning in the marine bivalve, Macoma balthica , is temperature dependent and so is the strength with which the sea star Pisaster ochraceus interacts with its principal prey (habitat forming mussels; Sanford, 1999). For the placozoans, which are found in most temperate and warm marine waters, nothing has been known yet about their sensitivity to temperature stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The most primitive metazoan animals, the placozoans, show high sensitivity to increasing ocean temperatures and acidities

Schleicherova

Dulias

Osigus

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) leads to rising temperatures and acidification in the oceans, which directly or indirectly affects all marine organisms, from bacteria to animals. We here ask whether the simplest—and possibly also the oldest—metazoan animals, the placozoans, are particularly sensitive to ocean warming and acidification. Placozoans are found in all warm and temperate oceans and are soft‐bodied, microscopic invertebrates lacking any calcified structures, organs, or symmetry. We here show that placozoans respond highly sensitive to temperature and acidity stress. The data reveal differential responses in different placozoan lineages and encourage efforts to develop placozoans as a potential biomarker system.

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“…Altering water temperatures, hence the rate of many biological activities, only a few degrees may elicit substantial community and ecosystem changes (Sanford 1999, Hoegh-Goldberg et al 2007, Gooding et al 2009, Kordas et al 2011. Small changes in temperature (3°C) can affect the predation rate of keystone predators (sea stars and gastropods; Sanford 1999Sanford , 2002 and thus may alter trophic dynamics. Water temperature also affects the predation rate of shore crabs on bivalves (Sanchez-Salazar et al 1986) and grazing by gastropods (Petraitis 1992).…”

Section: Chapter 4: Seawater Temperature Mediates the Biological Erosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changing ocean water temperatures can also have more subtle effects by altering the rate of biological activities, such as feeding, reproduction, and growth (Cossins and Bowler 1987, Sanford 1999, Fabry et al 2008, Widdocombe and Spicer 2008, Gooding et al 2009). Altering water temperatures, hence the rate of many biological activities, only a few degrees may elicit substantial community and ecosystem changes (Sanford 1999, Hoegh-Goldberg et al 2007, Gooding et al 2009, Kordas et al 2011.…”

Section: Chapter 4: Seawater Temperature Mediates the Biological Erosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Erosion of Marine Habitats and Structures by Burrowing Crustaceans

Davidson¹

2000

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Marine bioeroders, borers, and burrowers can have drastic effects to marine habitats and facilities. By physically altering the structure of marine habitats, these organisms may elicit ecosystem-level effects that cascade through the community. While borer damage is typically restricted to a few substratum types, burrowing isopods in the genus Sphaeroma attack a diversity of substrata in tropical and temperate systems. My dissertation examined how boring sphaeromatid isopods affect coastal habitats (saltmarshes, mangroves) and other estuarine substrata as well as marine structures. I used a combination of lab and mensurative field experiments to quantify the effects of boring by isopods and examine how select factors affect the colonization, hence burrowing damage by isopods. I explored these questions primarily using the temperate To examine the small-scale factors that mediate colonization and boring, I conducted a series of binary choice experiments. I found the presence of conspecifics, biofilm, and shade were important factors influencing colonization. These small scale factors likely explain why isopod attack is focused in some substrata. Finally, to examine the boring effects of tropical isopods in mangroves, I examined the associations between burrowing by S. terebrans and mangrove performance and fecundity. I found negative relationships between boring effects and performance and fecundity in two mangrove species in a restored mangrove stand in Taiwan. Together, these studies elucidate the effects of bioerosive isopods on saltmarshes, mangroves, and marine structures. However, the similar mechanisms involved in bioerosion in other boring species suggest that these results can be used to infer similar effects of other borers. In addition, since many species of sphaeromatid isopods have been introduced, this research shows how the effects of a non-native bioeroder can damage marine facilities and degrade and alter marine habitats.Through biological erosion and thus changing the physical structure of a marine habitat these non-native species can have ecosystem-level effects that cascade throughout the local community.iii Acknowledgements

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Regulation of Keystone Predation by Small Changes in Ocean Temperature

Cited by 458 publications

References 14 publications

Environmental weakening of trophic interactions drives stability in stochastic food webs

Environmental weakening of trophic interactions drives stability in stochastic food webs

The most primitive metazoan animals, the placozoans, show high sensitivity to increasing ocean temperatures and acidities

Biological Erosion of Marine Habitats and Structures by Burrowing Crustaceans

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