Regulation of Motilin Release from Isolated Perfused Pig Duodenum

Goll, Rasmus; Nielsen, Sørn Haagen; Holst, Jens J.

doi:10.1159/000201355

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Woodtli and Owyang ( 114 ) found that duodenal pH changed from 2 to 7.5 during the onset of phase I to phase III, and that pH was maintained at alkaline from late phase II to phase III of the gastric MMC. Acidification-induced motilin release was also observed in the isolated perfused pig duodenum ( 101 ). These studies have indicated that both duodenal acidification and alkalinization stimulate motilin release and induce GI contraction like phase III ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Regulation Of Motilin Releasementioning

confidence: 90%

Motilin Comparative Study: Structure, Distribution, Receptors, and Gastrointestinal Motility

Kitazawa

Kaiya

2021

Front. Endocrinol.

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Motilin, produced in endocrine cells in the mucosa of the upper intestine, is an important regulator of gastrointestinal (GI) motility and mediates the phase III of interdigestive migrating motor complex (MMC) in the stomach of humans, dogs and house musk shrews through the specific motilin receptor (MLN-R). Motilin-induced MMC contributes to the maintenance of normal GI functions and transmits a hunger signal from the stomach to the brain. Motilin has been identified in various mammals, but the physiological roles of motilin in regulating GI motility in these mammals are well not understood due to inconsistencies between studies conducted on different species using a range of experimental conditions. Motilin orthologs have been identified in non-mammalian vertebrates, and the sequence of avian motilin is relatively close to that of mammals, but reptile, amphibian and fish motilins show distinctive different sequences. The MLN-R has also been identified in mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates, and can be divided into two main groups: mammal/bird/reptile/amphibian clade and fish clade. Almost 50 years have passed since discovery of motilin, here we reviewed the structure, distribution, receptor and the GI motility regulatory function of motilin in vertebrates from fish to mammals.

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Section: Regulation Of Motilin Releasementioning

confidence: 90%

Motilin Comparative Study: Structure, Distribution, Receptors, and Gastrointestinal Motility

Kitazawa

Kaiya

2021

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…[7][8][9] Subsequent studies demonstrated that a variety of alterations in GI luminal conditions, including acidity, pressure and increased nutrient concentration, induce intestinal mucosa to release 5-HT. [10][11][12][13] While other neuroactive compounds, such as cholecystekinin (CCK) and motilin, are released by luminal stimulation, 14,15 it is 5-HT that seems to play a particularly critical role in sensory perception, secretion and peristalsis. The 5-HT released from EC cells is important because it represents the earliest intercellular event in the transduction of mucosal stimuli that initiates the neuronal reactions responsible for visceral sensation and peristalsis.…”

Section: Serotonin Signalling and Function Within The Gutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: the many potential roles of intestinal serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine, 5‐HT) signalling in inflammatory bowel disease

Coates

Tekin

Vrana

et al. 2017

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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Insights discussed in this review have strong potential to lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic tools to improve the management of IBD and other related disorders. Specifically, strategies that focus on modifying the activity of selective serotonin receptors and reuptake transporters in the gut could be effective for controlling disease activity and/or its associated symptoms. Further studies in humans are required, however, to more completely understand the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the roles of 5-HT in this setting.

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“…45,46 It is quite possible that several mechanisms are responsible and that motilin release is dependent on the equilibrium between stimulating and inhibiting factors. 47 …”

Section: Gi Activity Among Humans and Motilinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Smoking and Infantile Gastrointestinal Dysregulation: The Case of Colic

Shenassa¹,

Brown

2004

Pediatrics

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ABSTRACT. Background. Infants' healthy growth and development are predicated, in part, on regular functioning of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In the first 6 months of life, infants typically double their birth weights. During this period of intense growth, the GI tract needs to be highly active and to function optimally. Identifying modifiable causes of GI tract dysregulation is important for understanding the pathophysiologic processes of such dysregulation, for identifying effective and efficient interventions, and for developing early prevention and health promotion strategies. One such modifiable cause seems to be maternal smoking, both during and after pregnancy.Purpose. This article brings together information that strongly suggests that infants' exposure to tobacco smoke is linked to elevated blood motilin levels, which in turn are linked to an increased risk of GI dysregulation, including colic and acid reflux. We base this hypothesis on evidence supporting a link between maternal smoking and infantile colic (IC) and on additional evidence proposing increased motilin release, attributable to exposure to tobacco smoke and its metabolites, as a physiologic mechanism linking maternal smoking with infantile GI dysregulation.Methods. We critically review and synthesize epidemiologic, physiologic, and biological evidence pertaining to smoking and colic, smoking and motilin levels, and motilin and colic.Results. Six studies have investigated the link between maternal smoking and IC, but IC was defined according to Wessel's rule of threes (crying for >3 hours per day, >3 days per week, for >3 weeks) in only 1 of these studies. The remaining studies used definitions that ranged from less-stringent variations of Wessel's criteria to definitions that would suggest excessive crying but not necessarily colic. Results from 5 of these studies suggest that there is an independent association between maternal smoking and excessive crying, as well as IC. Recent studies of the GI system provide strong, but indirect, corroborating evidence suggesting physiologic pathways through which maternal smoking can be linked to IC. This physiologic evidence can be outlined as follows: (1) smoking is linked to increased plasma and intestinal motilin levels and (2) higher-than-average levels of motilin are linked to elevated risks of IC. Although these findings from disparate fields suggest a physiologic mechanism linking maternal smoking with IC, the entire chain of events has not been examined in a single cohort. A prospective study, begun in pregnancy and continuing through the first 4 months of life, could provide definitive evidence linking these disparate lines of research. Key points for such a study are considered.Conclusions. New epidemiologic evidence suggests that exposure to cigarette smoke and its metabolites may be linked to IC. Moreover, studies of the GI system provide corroborating evidence that suggests that (1) smoking is linked to increased plasma and intestinal motilin levels and (2) higher-than-average intesti...

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Regulation of Motilin Release from Isolated Perfused Pig Duodenum

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Motilin Comparative Study: Structure, Distribution, Receptors, and Gastrointestinal Motility

Motilin Comparative Study: Structure, Distribution, Receptors, and Gastrointestinal Motility

Review article: the many potential roles of intestinal serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine, 5‐HT) signalling in inflammatory bowel disease

Maternal Smoking and Infantile Gastrointestinal Dysregulation: The Case of Colic

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