Regulation of muscle stem cell fate

Abstract

Skeletal muscle plays a critical role in human health. Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) serve as the major cell type contributing to muscle regeneration by directly differentiating to mature muscle cells. MuSCs usually remain quiescent with occasionally self-renewal and are activated to enter cell cycle for proliferation followed by differentiation upon muscle injury or under pathological conditions. The quiescence maintenance, activation, proliferation, and differentiation of MuSCs are tightly regulated. The MuSC cell-intrinsic regulatory network and the microenvironments work coordinately to orchestrate the fate transition of MuSCs. The heterogeneity of MuSCs further complicates the regulation of MuSCs. This review briefly summarizes the current progress on the heterogeneity of MuSCs and the microenvironments, epigenetic, and transcription regulations of MuSCs.

Emerging Role of Deuterium/Protium Disbalance in Cell Cycle and Apoptosis

“…The G2 period ends the interphase, and after it, the cell enters into the next mitosis ( Figure 1 ). The cell cycle has a number of checkpoints that play an important role in protecting the normal genome from damage [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Due to the regulation of the cell cycle, DNA replication and subsequent cell division is accurately controlled in normal cells, and the loss of genetic information is prevented [ 39 ].…”