Regulation of Oleoyl‐CoA Synthesis in the Peripheral Nervous System: Demonstration of a Link with Myelin Synthesis

Garbay, Bertrand; Boiron-Sargueil, Françoise; Shy, Michael E.; Chbihi, Taibi; Jiang, Huiyuan; Kamholz, John; Cassagne, Claude

doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71041719.x

Cited by 52 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This is certainly the case for circulating unsaturated fatty acids. For instance, PNS myelin in P0cre-SCAP mutant mice contains more polyunsaturated fatty acids, and have higher C18:2 levels, which is consistent with an increased uptake of essential fatty acids from external sources ( 160 ). Consistent with this, circulating fatty acids are incorporated into adult myelin ( 161,162 ).…”

Section: Myelin Lipids Provide Direct Support To Axonal Function; a Hmentioning

confidence: 59%

Lipid metabolism in myelinating glial cells: lessons from human inherited disorders and mouse models

Chrast

Saher

Nave

et al. 2011

Journal of Lipid Research

253

244

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Section: Myelin Lipids Provide Direct Support To Axonal Function; a Hmentioning

confidence: 59%

Lipid metabolism in myelinating glial cells: lessons from human inherited disorders and mouse models

Chrast

Saher

Nave

et al. 2011

Journal of Lipid Research

253

244

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“…14) Accordingly, transcript level of SCD2 relative to that of SCD1 in the liver of rats are significantly lower than that of mice. It is noted that SCD2 is predominantly expressed in the brain, 7) the peripheral nervous system, 15) the testis, 16) the ovary, 13) brown adipose tissue, 7) the skin (embryo and neonates) 17) and the liver (embryo and neonates). 17) However, physiological significance and regulation of SCD2 in the liver has not been clarified yet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Induction of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 and 2 Genes by Fibrates in the Liver of Rats

Yamazaki

Okada

Sakamoto

et al. 2012

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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The administration of fibrates (fenofibrate, bezafibrate and clofibric acid) to rats induced stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) in the liver, and increased relative expression of mRNAs encoding SCD1 and SCD2 in dose-and time-dependent manners. The magnitudes of the increases in SCD2 mRNA level caused by fenofibrate and clofibric acid were much higher than those of SCD1 at relatively higher doses of the fibrates, and a relatively long time (7 or 14 d) was required for significant induction of SCD2 mRNA expression compared with that of SCD1. Although the absolute number of transcripts for SCD2 was 1,800 times lower than that of SCD1 in the control liver, it was strikingly increased by fibrates. These results suggest that differential regulations operate for the gene expression between SCD1 and SCD2, and that the physiological significance of SCD2 is distinct from that of SCD1 in the liver.

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“…We found that lipogenic genes such as SREBF-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase ␣ (ACACA), FAS, SCD-1, and -2 [SCD-2, the main isoform expressed in peripheral nerves ( 38 )], and FA desaturase-1 and -2, were all downregulated in diabetic sciatic nerve, and that their expression was brought back to nondiabetic levels by pharmacologic LXR activation ( Fig. 3 ).…”

Section: Lxr Activation Restores Expression Of Key Genes In Fa Biosynmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diabetes-induced myelin abnormalities are associated with an altered lipid pattern: protective effects of LXR activation

Cermenati

Abbiati

Cermenati

et al. 2012

Journal of Lipid Research

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Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) appears frequently in patients diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes ( 1-3 ). The extent of abnormalities is more pronounced if the hyperglycemia is not controlled properly ( 4, 5 ). DPN is associated with deleterious changes in peripheral nerves, such as myelin damage and decrease in nerve conduction velocity ( 4-9 ). Similar structural abnormalities and neurophysiological changes have been observed in the peripheral nerves of streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats, an experimental model that captures many features of type 1 diabetes ( 10-12 ). As it is seen in diabetic subjects, STZtreated rats show increased morphological alterations in the myelinated fi bers of the sciatic nerve ( 13 ).Abstract Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is characterized by myelin abnormalities; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying such defi cits remain obscure. To uncover the effects of diabetes on myelin alterations, we have analyzed myelin composition. In a streptozotocintreated rat model of diabetic neuropathy, analysis of sciatic nerve myelin lipids revealed that diabetes alters myelin's phospholipid, FA, and cholesterol content in a pattern that can modify membrane fl uidity. Reduced expression of relevant genes in the FA biosynthetic pathway and decreased levels of the transcriptionally active form of the lipogenic factor sterol-regulatory element binding factor-1c (SREBF-1c) were found in diabetic sciatic nerve. Expression of myelin's major protein, myelin protein zero (P0), was also suppressed by diabetes. In addition, we confi rmed that diabetes induces sciatic nerve myelin abnormalities, primarily infoldings that have previously been associated with altered membrane fl uidity. In a diabetic setting, synthetic activator of the nuclear receptor liver X receptor (LXR) increased SREBF-1c function and restored myelin lipid species and P0 expression levels to normal. These LXR-modulated improvements were associated with restored myelin structure in sciatic nerve and enhanced performance in functional tests such as thermal nociceptive threshold and nerve conduction velocity. These fi ndings demonstrate an important role for the LXR-SREBF-1c axis in protection from diabetes-induced myelin abnormalities .-

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Regulation of Oleoyl‐CoA Synthesis in the Peripheral Nervous System: Demonstration of a Link with Myelin Synthesis

Cited by 52 publications

References 24 publications

Lipid metabolism in myelinating glial cells: lessons from human inherited disorders and mouse models

Lipid metabolism in myelinating glial cells: lessons from human inherited disorders and mouse models

Differential Induction of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 and 2 Genes by Fibrates in the Liver of Rats

Diabetes-induced myelin abnormalities are associated with an altered lipid pattern: protective effects of LXR activation

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