Regulation of pancreatic Exocrine Function by Islet Hormones

Sans, Maria Dolors; Bruce, Jason I.E.; Williams, John A.

doi:10.3998/panc.2020.01

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Because this would predispose to hypoglycemia and require the use of an insulin clamp if applied therapeutically, its clinical use for AP therapy is not practical. [46,47] Insulin appears to protect acinar cells indirectly by inducing Akt-mediated phosphorylation of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/ fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 2 (PFKFB2), which boosts glycolysis and the ATP generation need to drive calcium export by a PMCA. This reveals a potential therapeutic strategy to activate PFKFB2 phosphorylation, eliminating the need for systemic insulin administration.…”

Section: Calcium Extrusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[48] Work from Jason Bruce's group has hypothesized that the severity of AP might be linked to the progressive loss of insulin secretion, a consequence of collateral damage to pancreatic β cells. [46] This insulin deficiency could subsequently reduce insulin-driven pancreatic antimicrobial peptide expression (AMP) and secretion into the gut, leading to gut dysbiosis, decreased mucous secretion, inflammation, bacterial translocation, infected pancreatic necrosis, sepsis, and consequently, a more severe progression of AP. Although detailed findings await publication, the group is exploring a correlative study between plasma insulin levels and gut AMPs throughout AP.…”

Section: Calcium Extrusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Acute pancreatitis: pathogenesis and emerging therapies

Zaman,

Gorelick

2024

Journal of Pancreatology

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Acute pancreatitis is a severe inflammatory disorder with limited treatment options. Improved understanding of disease mechanisms has led to new and potential therapies. Here we summarize what we view as some of the most promising new therapies for treating acute pancreatitis, emphasizing the rationale of specific treatments based on disease mechanisms. Targeted pharmacologic interventions are highlighted. We explore potential treatment benefits and risks concerning reducing acute injury, minimizing complications, and improving long-term outcomes. Mechanisms associated with acute pancreatitis initiation, perpetuation, and reconstitution are highlighted, along with potential therapeutic targets and how these relate to new treatments.

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Section: Calcium Extrusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calcium Extrusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute pancreatitis: pathogenesis and emerging therapies

Zaman,

Gorelick

2024

Journal of Pancreatology

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“…Отже, щоб зрозуміти вплив цих острівцевих пептидів на екзокринну функцію ПЗ, важливо розуміти, що деякі з них (інсулін, глюкагон і панкреатичний поліпептид) унікальні тільки для острівців, але інші, такі як соматостатин, більш поширені в шлунково-кишковому тракті, що може вплинути на екзокринну функцію ПЗ локально або системно. Оскільки острівцеві пептиди можуть регулювати інші клітини всередині острівця, ефекти конкретного пептиду можуть бути опосередковані безпосередньо також на екзокринні клітини або шляхом впливу на секрецію інсуліну або іншого острівцевого пептиду [5].…”

Section: вступunclassified

“…Результати досліджень in vivo вказують, що ендогенне вироблення ССТ підшлунковою залозою підвищується після прийому їжі і це певною мірою призводить до інгібування секреції інсуліну та амілази. Крім цього, імунонейтралізація циркулюючого ССТ призводить до посилення секреції амілази ПЗ [5].…”

Section: обговоренняunclassified

1

Sirchak¹,

Barani²,

Petrichko³

et al. 2021

GASTRO

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Background. The debate over the relationship between chronic pancreatitis (CP) and diabetes mellitus (DM) has been going on for a long time. However, it has not received enough attention in the existing consensus, and the formulated provisions lack higher-level evidence. The purpose was to determine changes in the level of gastrointestinal hormones (GIH) in the serum and their dynamics against the background of enzyme replacement therapy in patients with CP and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. Ninety-two patients with CP and DM2 were examined. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group I (n = 40) patients received an enzyme preparation with a minimum of 10,000 PhEur units lipase activity for the correction of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) and group II (n = 52) of patients with a minimum lipase activity of 25,000 PhEur units 3 times a day for a month. The dynamics of gastrin, somatostatin, cholecystokinin levels was determined in patients before and after the treatment. Results. Analysis of the GIH levels in the serum of patients with CP and DM2 before treatment indicates their changes compared with the control group, namely a statistically significant decrease in gastrin (p < 0.01) and cholecystokinin (p < 0.05), and increased serum somatostatin levels (p < 0.05). Improvement of EPI on the background of taking an enzyme preparation with a minimum lipase activity of 25,000 PhEur units as a part of complex therapy in patients with CP and DM2 is accompanied by pronounced positive dynamics in carbohydrate metabolism and GIH levels. Conclusions. In patients with CP and DM2, the disorders of gastrointestinal hormones have been found, namely, a decrease in gastrin levels and cholecystokinin and an increase in serum somatostatin. The use of a multienzyme drug with a minimum lipase activity of 25,000 PhEur units is an effective means of normalizing clinical and laboratory manifestations of EPI in patients with CP and DM2. The prescription of a multienzyme drug with a minimum lipase activity of 25,000 PhEur units in combination with PPIs in patients with CP and DM2 is a pathogenetically sound method of EPI treatment. It also helps to improve carbohydrate metabolism against the background of normalization of gastrin and somatostatin ratio in these patients.

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“…For more detailed information on insulin secretion and action on pancreatic exocrine function, the reader is invited to check the reviews by Mann et al (117), and by Sans et al (157) on the Pancreapedia.…”

Section: Insulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic Digestive Enzyme Synthesis and its Translational Control

Pancreapedia: Exocrine Pancreas Knowledge Base

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Protein synthesis plays a central role in provision of pancreatic digestive enzymes and the maintenance of the pancreas. Both the mRNA profile and relative content of newly synthesized proteins are dominated by digestive enzymes. In the mature pancreas, about 90% of protein synthesis has been estimated to be devoted to a mixture of about 20 digestive enzymes (204). Whether the acinar cell can regulate digestive enzyme synthesis independent of the synthesis of cellular structural proteins is unclear. Pancreatic protein synthesis is regulated to match digestive enzyme synthesis to dietary need. Although the identity of individual synthesized proteins and longterm regulation is primarily determined by transcriptional regulation, the short-term extent, or rate of protein synthesis, is regulated at the translational level (161), because it needs to be immediate, flexible and reversible (123).

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Regulation of pancreatic Exocrine Function by Islet Hormones

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Acute pancreatitis: pathogenesis and emerging therapies

Acute pancreatitis: pathogenesis and emerging therapies

1

Pancreatic Digestive Enzyme Synthesis and its Translational Control

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