Regulation of photosystem stoichiometry, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content and relation to chloroplast ultrastructure

Melis, Anastasios; Harvey, Geoffrey W.

doi:10.1016/0005-2728(81)90219-x

Cited by 176 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Second, the more rapid appearance of P (Fig. 5) suggests a decreased electron transport capacity in guard cell chloroplasts relative to mesophyll chloroplasts (10). Thus, at low light intensities the reduced electron transport capacity would not favor a significant energetic contribution to light-dependent stomatal activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparative Studies of Fluorescence from Mesophyll and Guard Cell Chloroplasts in Saxifraga cernua

Mawson¹,

Franklin²,

Filion³

et al. 1984

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves from mesophyll and guard cell chloroplasts of Saxifiaga cernmua, including both the fast (O to P, the transients involved in the rise in variable fluorescence) and slow (P to steady state fluorescence due to quenching) components, were characterized over a range of excitation intensities using microspectrophotometry (with epi-lumination) equipped with apertures designed to eliminate cross contamination of the fluorescence signal between the two chloroplast types. At low excitation intensities, the fast fluorescence kinetics from guard cell plastids showed an extended I to D phase and a more rapid appearance of P while minimal quenching from P to steady state fluorescence was observed compared to the transients from mesophyll chloroplasts suggesting a lower activity of photochemical (electron movement via carriers between donor and acceptor sites) and nonphotochemical (such as membrane conformational changes) events which regulate the fluorescence induction curve kinetics. As the excitation intensity was increased, the quenching rates of guard cells were faster at initiating conditions for photophosphorylation and the fast and slow fluorescence kinetics from guard cells resembled those of the mesophyll cells.Guard cell chloroplasts of S. ceraua from intact epidermal peels showed a low temperature (77 K) fluorescence emission spectrum having three major peaks (at 685, 695, and 730 nanometers when excited at 440 nanometers) which were qualitatively similar to those in the spectrum obtained from mesophyll tissue.These data suggest that S. cernua guard cell chloroplast photosystems I and II contribute to light-dependent stomatal activity only at high light intensities.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparative Studies of Fluorescence from Mesophyll and Guard Cell Chloroplasts in Saxifraga cernua

Mawson¹,

Franklin²,

Filion³

et al. 1984

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Light intensity per se is most likely not responsible for these differences in response since earlier work in Phaseolus vulgaris and Atriplex triangularis has shown that eightfold differences in light intensity resulted only in a 12% to 14% change in PS II/PSI ratio (Melis and Harvey, 1981;Melis et al, 1985). Qualitatively, differences in the relative amount of PS I and PS II complexes in spinach plants grown in different wavelengths of light paralleled differences in the steadystate level of chloroplast mRNAs coding for PS I and PS II polypeptides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These adaptations are marked by characteristic morphological and biochemical changes in the chloroplasts (Boardman, 1977;Buschmann et al, 1978;Melis and Harvey, 1981 ;Lichtenthaler et al, 1982;Leong and Anderson, 1983;Melis, 1984;Baker and Markwell, 1985). For example, there are significant differences in the ultrastructure of chloroplasts and in the relative amounts of pigmented complexes in plant thylakoids adapted to different light quality environments (Buschmann et al, 1978;Melis and Harvey, 1981 ; Melis, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, there are significant differences in the ultrastructure of chloroplasts and in the relative amounts of pigmented complexes in plant thylakoids adapted to different light quality environments (Buschmann et al, 1978;Melis and Harvey, 1981 ; Melis, 1984). The chloroplasts from plants grown in photosystem II (PS 11)-sensitizing (yellow) light are relatively enriched in photosystem I (PS I) complexes, while plants grown in light preferentially absorbed by PS i (red) are relatively enriched in PS II complexes (Melis and Harvey, 1981;Melis, 1984;Glick, McCauley, and Melis, ' To whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Post-transcriptional control of plastid mRNA accumulation during adaptation of chloroplasts to different light quality environments.

et al. 1989

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The adaptation of germinating spinach seedlings to yellow and red light was studied and compared with plants grown in white light. Spinach chloroplasts isolated from cotyledons and leaves of yellow and white light-grown plants showed similar membrane structures and compositions, while chloroplasts from plants grown in red light have significant adaptive changes. Based on an equal amount of chlorophyll, these changes include a reduction in the number of photosystem I complexes, an increase of photosystem II antenna size, and an increased ratio of stacked to unstacked membranes in red light-adapted chloroplasts. The decrease in the number of photosystem I complexes per unit of chlorophyll in these chloroplasts was qualitatively correlated with an approximately 10-fold decrease in the level of the psaA mRNA encoding the photosystem I 65-kilodalton to 70-kilodalton chlorophyll apoprotein, as well as with a differential decrease in mRNA levels of other photosynthetic proteins. Light quality adaptations do not significantly affect the plastid to nuclear DNA ratio or the overall chloroplast transcription activity. The relative transcriptional activities of 10 plastid genes, as determined by run-on transcription assays, are similar in chloroplasts from cotyledons and leaves of plants grown under the three light qualities. Only the psaA gene shows a 30% to 40% decrease in transcription activity in chloroplasts of plants adapted to red light. This decrease in psaA transcription activity, however, cannot fully account for the decrease of its mRNA level. We conclude, therefore, that post-transcriptional mechanisms are primarily responsible for the control of differential chloroplast mRNA accumulation in light quality adaptations.

show abstract

“…Physiological systems that induce redox signals by generating excitation imbalances between the photosystems were found to be especially useful. Low-intensity excitation with artificial light sources that preferentially excite PSI or PSII (PSI or PSII light, respectively) induce either oxidation or reduction of the photosynthetic electron transport chain without induction of stress-related responses and provide an experimental system that can be used for a wide range of organisms, including cyanobacteria, algae, and plants (Melis and Harvey, 1981;Deng et al, 1989;Chow et al, 1990;Melis et al, 1996;Pfannschmidt et al, 1999;Alfonso et al, 2000;Kovacs et al, 2000;Tullberg et al, 2000;Fan et al, 2007). This light system mimics the natural light quality gradients of dense plant populations and induces typical acclimation responses, such as state transitions and photosystem stoichiometry adjustment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Plastid Redox Signals Integrate Gene Expression and Metabolism to Induce Distinct Metabolic States in Photosynthetic Acclimation inArabidopsis

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plants possess acclimation responses in which structural reconfigurations adapt the photosynthetic apparatus to fluctuating illumination. Long-term acclimation involves changes in plastid and nuclear gene expression and is controlled by redox signals from photosynthesis. The kinetics of these signals and the adjustments of energetic and metabolic demands to the changes in the photosynthetic apparatus are currently poorly understood. Using a redox signaling system that preferentially excites either photosystem I or II, we measured the time-dependent impact of redox signals on the transcriptome and metabolome of Arabidopsis thaliana. We observed rapid and dynamic changes in nuclear transcript accumulation resulting in differential and specific expression patterns for genes associated with photosynthesis and metabolism. Metabolite pools also exhibited dynamic changes and indicate readjustments between distinct metabolic states depending on the respective illumination. These states reflect reallocation of energy resources in a defined and reversible manner, indicating that structural changes in the photosynthetic apparatus during long-term acclimation are additionally supported at the level of metabolism. We propose that photosynthesis can act as an environmental sensor, producing retrograde redox signals that trigger two parallel adjustment loops that coordinate photosynthesis and metabolism to adapt plant primary productivity to the environment.

show abstract

Regulation of photosystem stoichiometry, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content and relation to chloroplast ultrastructure

Cited by 176 publications

References 21 publications

Comparative Studies of Fluorescence from Mesophyll and Guard Cell Chloroplasts in Saxifraga cernua

Comparative Studies of Fluorescence from Mesophyll and Guard Cell Chloroplasts in Saxifraga cernua

Post-transcriptional control of plastid mRNA accumulation during adaptation of chloroplasts to different light quality environments.

Dynamic Plastid Redox Signals Integrate Gene Expression and Metabolism to Induce Distinct Metabolic States in Photosynthetic Acclimation inArabidopsis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About