Regulation of Protein Adenosine Diphosphate Ribosylation in Bovine Lens during Aging

Abstract

Adenosine diphosphate-ribosyltransferase (ADPRT) and poly-ADP-ribose glycohydrolase (poly-ADPRG) activities were investigated in the different structures of bovine lenses. These activities and protein ADP ribosylation were detected only in the lens epithelium proliferative layer. The poly-ADPR glycohydrolase activity decreased, but the poly-ADPR polymerase activity increased during aging. In lens epithelial cells of older animals, the poly-ADP-ribose level and average chain length decreased but the chain number increased. Involvement of DNA break accumulation during aging in the increase of ADPRT activity of lens epithelial cells is discussed.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity in mononuclear leukocytes of 13 mammalian species correlates with species-specific life span.

“…When investiging a different tissue, Jackowsky and Kun (19) reported that PARP activity was lower in cardiocytes from 90-day-old rats than in those from 5-day-old rats, despite an increase in the number of DNA breaks. Bizec et al (21) studied PARP activity in bovine eye lens epithelial cells and reported an increase in basal activity with age, most likely due to a parallel increase in DNA strand breakage. Quesada etal.…”

“…A large number of studies done in a variety of experimental systems led to the view that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation plays a role in DNA repair (5) and other cellular responses to DNA damage, such as cell cycle perturbations (6), DNA amplification (7)(8)(9), and malignant transformation (10,11). Apart from this, poly-(ADP-ribosyl)ation was thought to play a role in DNA replication (12,13), integration of transfected foreign DNA into the cell genome (14,15), intrachromosomal homologous recombination (16), differentiation (17,18), and aging (19)(20)(21)(22). In no case, however, have the molecular mechanisms been elucidated so far.…”

Effect of aging and oxidative/genotoxic stress on poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activity in rat brain.

“…Strosznajder and others expression and activity. Increased PARP activity during aging has been reported previously (Pero et al, 1985;Bizec et al, 1989;Grube & Bürkle, 1992;Messripour et al, 1994;Muiras et al, 1998) but the PARP activity and its expression at the protein level in mammalian aged brain has not been fully elucidated. Moreover, the relationship between PARP-1 and p53 in aged brain is not well understood.…”