Regulation of Substances in Allantoic and Amniotic Fluid of the Chicken Embryo

Busch, M.ten; Milakofsky, Louis; Hare, Theodore A.; Nibbio, Barbara; Epple, August

doi:10.1016/s0300-9629(96)00164-8

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the current study, jejunal disaccharidase (sucrase and maltase) activities were detectable in all groups at d 16 of incubation in pigeon embryo ( Fig. 2A and 2B) although the amniotic fluid contained very low concentrations of carbohydrates (ten Busch et al, 1997). Studies have demonstrated that the activity of disaccharidase was increased by greater amounts of substrate in the intestine (Siddons, 1972;Sell et al, 1989).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Carbohydrates were chosen as the nutrient for in ovo injection in our study because they are critical during the later term of avian embryo development and very little carbohydrate remains in the amniotic fluid and the yolk sac (Noble and Ogunyemi, 1989;Christensen et al, 1993;ten Busch et al, 1997;Noy and Sklan, 1998). In addition, previous studies have demonstrated that supplemental carbohydrate in the intestine increases the capacity of the intestine to digest and absorb nutrients from diets (Pluske et al, 1996;Petersen et al, 2002).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of in ovo injection of carbohydrate solution on small intestine development in domestic pigeons (Columba livia)1

Dong

Wang

Song

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that in ovo injection of carbohydrates into pigeon (Columba livia) amnion may improve the small intestine development. At d 14.5 of incubation, 80 fertile eggs were injected with 200 μL of carbohydrate solution, and 80 control eggs were not injected. The carbohydrate solution (wt/vol) contained 2.5% maltose + 2.5% sucrose, all dissolved in 0.75% saline. Twelve eggs from each treatment were randomly sampled at d 16 of incubation and the day of hatch, embryos or young pigeons were euthanized, and the jejunum samples were collected. Jejunal villus surface area, activity of the brush border enzymes, sucrase, maltase, aminopeptidase-N, and alkaline phosphatase, and mRNA expression of the digestion-absorption related genes oligopeptide transporter 1, sodium glucose transporter 1, glucose transporter 2, aminopeptidase-N, and sucrase-isomaltase were examined. Results showed that in ovo injection of carbohydrate solution caused a villus surface area increase of 38% on d 16 of incubation and 23% on day of hatch relative to controls (P < 0.05). The in ovo injected pigeons exhibited greater (P < 0.05) activities of jejunal sucrase, maltase, and alkaline phosphatase from d 16 of incubation to day of hatch compared with the controls. At day of hatch, aminopeptidase-N activity in embryos injected in ovo was approximately 27% greater (P < 0.05) than control embryos. Enhanced expressions of the jejunal sodium glucose transporter 1, glucose transporter 2, and aminopeptidase-N mRNA were found at d 16 of incubation in embryos that received carbohydrate solution into the amniotic fluid in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that the in ovo injected pigeon may hatch with more mature enterocytes and greater intestinal digestive and absorptive capacity than the conventional hatchling. Therefore, the in ovo injected pigeons may become more precocial at hatch and easier to hand-rear during the immediate posthatch period.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of in ovo injection of carbohydrate solution on small intestine development in domestic pigeons (Columba livia)1

Dong

Wang

Song

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Injection into the allantoic sac proved an efficient route of transgene administration consistent with the known absorption of materials from the allantoic fluid. [34][35][36] Different reporter genes showed that expression was widespread in somites, primitive epithelia, blood vessels and neuroectodermal tissues. Furthermore, gene expression persisted for at least 96 h following microinjection of the plasmid vectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular leakage in chick embryos after expression of a secreted binding protein for fibroblast growth factors

McDonnell

Bowden

Cabal-Manzano

et al. 2005

Laboratory Investigation

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Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) have been implicated in a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes from embryonic development to tumor growth and angiogenesis. FGFs are immobilized in the extracellular matrix of different tissues and require release from this storage site to trigger a response. Secreted FGF-binding proteins (FGF-BPs) can release immobilized FGFs, enhance the activity of locally stored FGFs and can thus serve as an angiogenic switch molecule in cancer. Here, we report on the effect of human FGF-BP transgene expression in chicken embryos. To establish the transgenic model, plasmid-based reporter vectors expressing luciferase, b-galactosidase or green fluorescent protein were introduced through different routes into 4-to 5-day-old embryos grown outside their egg shell on top of the yolk sac. This allows for easy manipulation and continuous observation of phenotypic effects. Expression of human FGF-BP induced dose-dependent vascular permeability, hemorrhage and embryonic lethality. Light and electron microscopic studies indicate that this hemorrhage results from compromised microvascular structure. An FGF-1 expression vector with an added secretory signal mimicked this vascular leakiness phenotype whereas wild-type FGF-1 required coexpression of a threshold amount of FGF-BP. This model is a powerful tool for real-time monitoring of the effects of transient transgene expression during embryogenesis.

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“…A further advantage when using chicken embryos for metabolic profiling is that embryonic blood and allantoic fluid are easily collected. The allantois is an extraembryonic membrane/sac that functions as a respiratory organ, a repository for urine and metabolic waste, and possibly also as a depot for various endogenous compounds [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Profiling of Chicken Embryos Exposed to Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Agonists to Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors

et al. 2015

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Untargeted metabolic profiling of body fluids in experimental animals and humans exposed to chemicals may reveal early signs of toxicity and indicate toxicity pathways. Avian embryos develop separately from their mothers, which gives unique possibilities to study effects of chemicals during embryo development with minimal confounding factors from the mother. In this study we explored blood plasma and allantoic fluid from chicken embryos as matrices for revealing metabolic changes caused by exposure to chemicals during embryonic development. Embryos were exposed via egg injection on day 7 to the environmental pollutant perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and effects on the metabolic profile on day 12 were compared with those caused by GW7647 and rosiglitazone, which are selective agonists to peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) and PPARγ, respectively. Analysis of the metabolite concentrations from allantoic fluid by Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) showed clear separation between the embryos exposed to GW7647, rosiglitazone, and vehicle control, respectively. In blood plasma only GW7647 caused a significant effect on the metabolic profile. PFOA induced embryo mortality and increased relative liver weight at the highest dose. Sublethal doses of PFOA did not significantly affect the metabolic profile in either matrix, although single metabolites appeared to be altered. Neonatal mortality by PFOA in the mouse has been suggested to be mediated via activation of PPARα. However, we found no similarity in the metabolite profile of chicken embryos exposed to PFOA with those of embryos exposed to PPAR agonists. This indicates that PFOA does not activate PPAR pathways in our model at concentrations in eggs and embryos well above those found in wild birds. The present study suggests that allantoic fluid and plasma from chicken embryos are useful and complementary matrices for exploring effects on the metabolic profile resulting from chemical exposure during embryonic development.

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Regulation of Substances in Allantoic and Amniotic Fluid of the Chicken Embryo

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of in ovo injection of carbohydrate solution on small intestine development in domestic pigeons (Columba livia)1

Effects of in ovo injection of carbohydrate solution on small intestine development in domestic pigeons (Columba livia)1

Vascular leakage in chick embryos after expression of a secreted binding protein for fibroblast growth factors

Metabolic Profiling of Chicken Embryos Exposed to Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Agonists to Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors

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