Regulation of the Electronic Properties of Graphene via Organic Molecular Intercalation

Abstract

Stable, efficient, and flexible regulation of the carrier types and concentrations of graphene is important to its multifunctional application. Here, we have synthesized n- and p-type graphene superlattices which are named as Gr/TBA and Gr/Ac via the electrochemical intercalation of organic tetrabutyl ammonium and acetate, respectively. The crystal structure characterization demonstrated that the interlayer spacing of the high-quality Gr/TBA and Gr/Ac was larger than that of pristine graphene. Hall effect measurements indicated that Gr/TBA and Gr/Ac showed n-type and p-type conductive behaviors, respectively. The carrier concentrations and mobility can be effectively tuned by the intercalated organic molecules. The regulation of the electronic properties of graphene via intercalation should result from the electron transfer between graphene and the corresponding organic molecules. Moreover, we further show that the resulting Gr/TBA and Gr/Ac feature excellent stability (chemicals and air), with no apparent change in carrier concentration. Our work provides a new way to regulate the electronic properties of graphene and broaden the application of graphene in multifunctional electrical devices.

BN‐Bond‐Embedded Triplet Terpolymers with Small Singlet–Triplet Energy Gaps for Suppressing Non‐Radiative Recombination and Improving Blend Morphology in Organic Solar Cells

“…[ 1–3 ] Over the past years, great efforts have been devoted to developing narrow bandgap nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs), [ 3–7 ] wide bandgap polymer donors, [ 8–11 ] sophisticated active layer morphology optimizing techniques, [ 12–14 ] and advanced device structures. [ 15–17 ] Thus, significant strides have been made in device performance with the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) over 19% realized in state‐of‐the‐art OSCs. [ 11,17–26 ] Nevertheless, the performance of OSCs still lags behind that of inorganic or perovskite solar cells due to the relatively large photon energy loss ( E loss ).…”

“…[ 15–17 ] Thus, significant strides have been made in device performance with the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) over 19% realized in state‐of‐the‐art OSCs. [ 11,17–26 ] Nevertheless, the performance of OSCs still lags behind that of inorganic or perovskite solar cells due to the relatively large photon energy loss ( E loss ). [ 27 ] As established, the E loss can be divided into radiative loss and non‐radiative loss.…”

Unraveling High Reproducibility and Broad Composition Tolerance in High‐Efficiency Organic Solar Cells via Sequential Deposition

“…Layer-by-layer (LBL) process has great potential for both laboratory fabrication and commercial large-scale production. [4,16,17,18,19] The LBL processed films can typically form pseudo-planar heterojunctions with effective vertical donor/acceptor (D/A) phase separation. At the D/A interface, an interpenetrating network similar to BHJ film is formed, which is beneficial to exciton dissociation and charge transfer.…”

“…[25][26][27][28] Zhou et al introduced a series of conjugated polymers as solid additives to optimize the PM6 fibril morphology, which led to a champion PCE of 19.10%. [16] Furthermore, some researches about non-halogenated solvent or large-area LBL processed devices have highlighted the excellent compatibility of LBL process with commercial production. [29][30][31][32] For example, Li and co-workers reported an excellent PCE of 17.89% in PM6/BO-4Cl:L8-BO system with o-xylene solvent.…”

All organic double cable polymers of a polythiophene donor with rhodanine and perylene diimide acceptors and evaluation of photocurrent generation

“…28,29 A bilayer architecture constitutes one of the designs of D-A interfacing where donor and acceptor layers are brought into contact for creating a photoactive layer. [30][31][32][33] The efficiency of the bilayer design is thought to be limited by the separation of the exciton process being confined to the small interface area. To increase the area of the interface across the bulk of the photoactive layer, solution mixing of the donor and acceptor moieties producing a single photoactive bulk heterojunction (BHJ) layer is typically adopted.…”